"Biology is the scientific study of life."
The study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment.
Cell Biology: This is the study of cells, their structure, and their functions. Understanding the fundamentals of cells is critical to understanding many other concepts in biology.
Genetics: Genetics is the study of inheritance and the genetic makeup of organisms. It is essential in the fields of medicine, agriculture, and evolutionary biology.
Evolution: Evolution is the study of the changes in organisms over time. It is a fundamental concept in biology that helps us understand the way that species have changed and adapted over millions of years.
Ecology: Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment. It helps us understand the complex interactions between different species and the natural world.
Physiology: Physiology is the study of the functions of living organisms and their different systems, including the nervous system and endocrine system.
Taxonomy (biology): Taxonomy is the science of classifying and naming living organisms. It helps us understand the relationships between different species and how they are related to one another.
Biochemistry: Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes in living organisms. It helps us understand the underlying mechanisms behind many biological processes.
Biotechnology: Biotechnology involves the use of living organisms or their products for practical purposes. This can include applications in medicine, agriculture, and many other fields.
Immunology: Immunology is the study of the immune system and its role in protecting the body against disease. It is essential to understanding how to treat and prevent various illnesses.
Microbiology: Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. It is critical in understanding the spread of diseases and the role of microbes in the natural world.
Anatomy: Anatomy is the study of the structure of living organisms. It helps us understand the way different systems work together to support life.
Biophysics: Biophysics is the study of biological systems using principles of physics. It is essential in understanding the physical processes that underlie many biological functions.
Biogeography: Biogeography is the study of the distribution of living organisms around the world. It helps us understand the way that different species have migrated and evolved over time.
Ethology: Ethology is the study of animal behavior. It helps us understand how animals interact with each other and their environment.
Paleontology: Paleontology is the study of fossils and ancient life forms. It helps us understand the history of life on Earth and the way that species have evolved over time.
Botany: The study of plant life.
Developmental biology: The study of how organisms grow and develop from fertilization to maturity.
Evolutionary biology: The study of the origin and changes in living organisms over time.
Molecular biology: The study of the structure and function of molecules within cells.
Neurobiology: The study of the nervous system and the brain.
Zoology: The study of animal life.
Marine Biology: The study of marine organisms.
Entomology: The study of insects.
Mycology: The study of fungi.
Pharmacology: The study of how drugs interact with living organisms.
Plant physiology: The study of how plants function.
Virology: The study of viruses.
Parasitology: The study of parasites and how they interact with their hosts.
Immunogenetics: The study of the genetic basis of the immune system and its responses.
Computational biology: The study of the use of computer science in understanding biological systems.
Genomics: The study of the entire genetic makeup of an organism.
Bioinformatics: The science of collecting, processing, and analyzing complex biological data using computers.
Synthetic biology: The design and construction of new biological systems or reengineering of living ones.
Neuroscience: The study of the nervous system and how it mediates behavior and perception.
Biomechanics: The study of the mechanical properties of biological tissues and systems, including their response to stress, deformation, and motion.
"All organisms are made up of cells that process hereditary information encoded in genes."
"Hereditary information encoded in genes can be transmitted to future generations."
"Another major theme is evolution, which explains the unity and diversity of life."
"Energy processing allows organisms to move, grow, and reproduce."
"All organisms are able to regulate their own internal environments."
"Biologists are able to study life at multiple levels of organization, from the molecular biology of a cell to the anatomy and physiology of plants and animals, and evolution of populations."
"Hence, there are multiple subdisciplines within biology, each defined by the nature of their research questions and the tools that they use."
"Like other scientists, biologists use the scientific method to make observations, pose questions, generate hypotheses, perform experiments, and form conclusions about the world around them."
"Life on Earth emerged more than 3.7 billion years ago."
"Life on Earth is immensely diverse."
"Prokaryotic organisms such as archaea and bacteria..."
"Eukaryotic organisms such as protists, fungi, plants, and animals..."
"These various organisms contribute to the biodiversity of an ecosystem..."
"They play specialized roles in the cycling of nutrients and energy through their biophysical environment."
"It is a natural science with a broad scope."
"All organisms are made up of cells that process hereditary information encoded in genes."
"All organisms are able to regulate their own internal environments."
"Evolution explains the unity and diversity of life."
"Energy processing allows organisms to move, grow, and reproduce."