- "Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms." - "Heredity is vital to organisms' evolution."
Genetics is the study of inheritance and the genetic makeup of organisms. It is essential in the fields of medicine, agriculture, and evolutionary biology.
Mendelian genetics: Study of inheritance patterns of traits from one generation to the next based on the laws of segregation and independent assortment proposed by Gregor Mendel.
Chromosomes and genetic material: The structure and function of chromosomes, genes, and DNA as the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development and functioning of organisms.
Mutation and variation: Changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to differences in traits among individuals within a population, including genetic mutations, insertions, deletions, and duplications.
Genetic disorders: Conditions caused by mutations or abnormalities in genes, often resulting in physical or functional abnormalities or disabilities.
Epigenetics: The study of changes in gene expression that do not involve changes to the underlying DNA sequence but are instead influenced by external or environmental factors, such as diet and stress.
Genomics: The study of the entire set of genes present in an organism's genome, including their structure, function, and interactions.
Population genetics: The study of how genetic variation changes within and among populations over time, including factors that influence allele frequencies and evolution.
Gene therapy: The treatment of genetic disorders by inserting, deleting or correcting specific genes to restore normal function.
Genetic engineering: The process of manipulating genes and genomes to develop new organisms, modify existing ones, or design useful products or applications.
Human evolution: The study of the genetic and physical changes that have occurred in human populations over time, including the origins of Homo sapiens and the evolution of human traits and behaviors.
- "Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar working in the 19th century in Brno, was the first to study genetics scientifically." - "Mendel studied 'trait inheritance', patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring over time."
- "Organisms (pea plants) inherit traits by way of discrete 'units of inheritance'."
- "This term, still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene."
- "Trait inheritance and molecular inheritance mechanisms of genes are still primary principles of genetics in the 21st century."
- "Modern genetics has expanded to study the function and behavior of genes." - "Gene structure and function, variation, and distribution are studied within the context of the cell, the organism, and within the context of a population."
- "Genetics has given rise to a number of subfields, including molecular genetics, epigenetics, and population genetics."
- "Organisms studied within the broad field span the domains of life (archaea, bacteria, and eukarya)."
- "Genetic processes work in combination with an organism's environment and experiences to influence development and behavior, often referred to as nature versus nurture."
- "The intracellular or extracellular environment of a living cell or organism may increase or decrease gene transcription."
- "A classic example is two seeds of genetically identical corn, one placed in a temperate climate and one in an arid climate." - "The one in the arid climate only grows to half the height of the one in the temperate climate due to lack of water and nutrients in its environment."
- "Heredity is vital to organisms' evolution."
- "Trait inheritance and molecular inheritance mechanisms of genes are still primary principles of genetics in the 21st century."
- "Gene structure and function, variation, and distribution are studied within the context of the cell, the organism, and within the context of a population."
- "Genetics has given rise to a number of subfields, including population genetics."
- "Genetic processes work in combination with an organism's environment and experiences to influence development and behavior, often referred to as nature versus nurture."
- "The intracellular or extracellular environment of a living cell or organism may increase or decrease gene transcription."
- "A classic example is two seeds of genetically identical corn, one placed in a temperate climate and one in an arid climate." - "The one in the arid climate only grows to half the height of the one in the temperate climate due to lack of water and nutrients in its environment."
- "Genetics has given rise to a number of subfields, including molecular genetics, epigenetics, and population genetics."
- "Organisms studied within the broad field span the domains of life (archaea, bacteria, and eukarya)."