"In a historical sense, particularly the Middle Ages and earlier, the term is usually applied to people occupied in small scale production of goods, or their maintenance, for example by tinkers."
This subfield involves the creation of handmade or artisanal objects, including textiles, glass art, jewelry, and more.
Color theory: The study of how colors interact and how they can be combined to create optimal visual harmony and interest.
Composition: The arrangement of elements within a work of art with a focus on balance, unity, and visual flow.
Drawing techniques: The tools and skills needed to create marks on paper or other surfaces, such as shading, blending, and the use of different materials.
Painting techniques: The use of paint as a medium, including methods for mixing colors, applying paint to a surface, and creating different textures and effects.
Sculpture: Three-dimensional art forms created by cutting, carving, or molding a variety of materials, including stone, wood, metal, or clay.
Printmaking: The process of creating a print from a design or image, including techniques like etching, lithography, and block printing.
Typography: The art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable, and appealing when displayed.
Graphic design: The use of art, text, and design elements to create a variety of visual communication products, including logos, ads, and websites.
Digital art: Art created using digital tools and techniques, such as software programs, tablets, and other digital devices.
Mixed media: Artwork created using multiple materials and techniques, including combinations of painting, drawing, printmaking, and sculpture.
Ceramics: This involves the study of pottery, tiles, and other objects made from clay such as sculptural and functional ceramics.
Fiber arts: This subfield includes the study of textiles, such as knitting, weaving, embroidery, and tapestry.
Woodworking: This involves the study of making furniture, architectural elements, and functional objects from wood.
Glass blowing: The study of working with glass to create blown glass objects.
Jewelry making: This includes the study of making jewelry from metals, gemstones, and other materials.
Printmaking: This includes the study of methods of creating print images, including etching, lithography, and screen printing.
Metalworking: The study of working with metals, such as blacksmithing, and metal fabrication.
Basket weaving: This includes the study of creating baskets from natural materials such as reed, bamboo, and bark.
Papermaking: The study of making paper by hand or using traditional methods.
Bookbinding: This subfield involves the study of creating books through sewing, gluing, binding, and covering.
Enameling: This involves the study of working with vitreous enamel to create decorative objects and jewelry.
Leatherworking: The study of working with leather to create functional and decorative objects.
Quilting: A form of textile art, involves the study of creating quilted fabrics by layering and stitching.
Shoemaking: This subfield involves the study of creating shoes and footwear from materials such as leather and fabric.
Pottery and ceramics conservation: The study of preserving, restoring, and conserving ceramic and pottery objects.
Surface design: The study of creating pattern and design on surfaces such as textiles, ceramics, and paper.
Mosaic: The study of creating art by assembling small pieces of materials such as glass, ceramic, or stone on a surface.
Knifemaking: This subfield involves the study of creating knives and blades by hand.
Wood carving: The study of creating art and functional objects by carving wood.
Natural dyeing: The study of dyeing textiles with natural materials such as plant matter and minerals.
"The traditional term craftsman is nowadays often replaced by artisan and by craftsperson."
"Historically, the more specialized crafts with high-value products tended to concentrate in urban centers."
"The practitioners of specialized crafts formed guilds."
"Craftsmen were usually in a more privileged position than the peasantry in societal hierarchy."
"The households of craftsmen were not as self-sufficient as those of people engaged in agricultural work and therefore had to rely on the exchange of goods."
"Some crafts, especially in areas such as pottery, woodworking, and various stages of textile production, could be practiced on a part-time basis by those also working in agriculture."
"When an apprentice finished his apprenticeship, he became a journeyman searching for a place to set up his own shop and make a living."
"This stepwise approach to mastery of a craft, which includes the attainment of some education and skill, has survived in some countries to the present day."
"But crafts have undergone deep structural changes since and during the era of the Industrial Revolution."
"The mass production of goods by large-scale industry has limited crafts to market segments in which industry's modes of functioning or its mass-produced goods do not satisfy the preferences of potential buyers."
"Craftspeople today increasingly make use of semi-finished components or materials and adapt these to their customers' requirements or demands."
"Thus, they participate in a certain division of labour between industry and craft."
"In a historical sense, particularly the Middle Ages and earlier, the term is usually applied to people occupied in small scale production of goods..."
"The skill required by their professions and the need to be permanently involved in the exchange of goods often demanded a higher level of education, and craftsmen were usually in a more privileged position than the peasantry in societal hierarchy. The households of craftsmen were not as self-sufficient as those of people engaged in agricultural work, and therefore had to rely on the exchange of goods. Some crafts, especially in areas such as pottery, woodworking, and various stages of textile production, could be practiced on a part-time basis by those also working in agriculture, and often formed part of village life."
"When an apprentice finished his apprenticeship, he became a journeyman searching for a place to set up his own shop and make a living."
"But crafts have undergone deep structural changes since and during the era of the Industrial Revolution."
"Craftspeople today increasingly make use of semi-finished components or materials and adapt these to their customers' requirements or demands."
"Thus, they participate in a certain division of labour between industry and craft."
"The mass production of goods by large-scale industry has limited crafts to market segments in which industry's modes of functioning or its mass-produced goods do not satisfy the preferences of potential buyers."