- "Public policy is an institutionalized proposal or a decided set of elements like laws, regulations, guidelines, and actions to solve or address relevant and real-world problems, guided by a conception and often implemented by programs."
The study of how policies are developed, implemented, and evaluated within the government.
Introduction to public policy: This topic covers the definition, scope, and components of public policy and its relevance to public administration leadership.
Policy environment: Understanding the environmental factors that influence public policy such as economic, social, and political factors.
Public policy process: Studying the process of public policy formulation, implementation, and evaluation, including the roles of stakeholders, lobbyists, and policy-makers.
Policy analysis: Methods of understanding policy problems and identifying alternatives for policy makers.
Public policy implementation: Examining the various models and strategies used in implementing public policy and measuring outcomes.
Public budgeting and finance: Understanding the role of budgeting and finance in public policy and administration.
Public policy evaluation: Methods of evaluating public policies and their impact on the objectives they seek to achieve.
Public sector ethics: Understanding the ethical standards that govern public policy and administration, including transparency and accountability.
International public policy: Examining how countries come together to solve global problems and establish policies that serve international interests.
Public management: Methods of managing public organizations and implementing public policy, including leadership styles, organizational behavior, and employee motivation.
Public-private partnerships: Understanding the role of private sector organizations in public policy implementation and service delivery.
Policy advocacy: Understanding the role of advocacy groups and their influence in shaping public policy.
Regulatory policy: Understanding the role of the state in regulating societal activity and ensuring compliance with established public policies.
Conflict resolution: Methods of resolving disputes between conflicting interests and stakeholder groups with competing policy preferences.
Contemporary issues in public policy: Analysis of current issues in public policy such as budget deficits, poverty, security, climate change, drugs, and immigration.
Economic policy: The set of government actions taken to manage the economy, such as fiscal policy and monetary policy.
Social policy: The set of policies related to social issues such as healthcare, education, income redistribution and social welfare.
Environmental policy: Policies related to environmental issues such as climate change, pollution, ecosystem protection and conservation.
Foreign policy: The set of policies related to a country's relations with other countries, including diplomacy, military action, and trade agreements.
Security policy: The set of policies related to national security, including military spending, intelligence gathering, and surveillance.
Criminal justice policy: Policies related to the criminal justice system, including laws and regulations governing police officers and courts.
Regulatory policy: Policies designed to regulate industries and protect consumers, such as consumer protection regulations and antitrust laws.
Health policy: The set of policies related to healthcare, including access to care and insurance coverage.
Housing policy: Policies related to housing issues, including affordable housing and urban planning.
Energy policy: Policies related to energy generation, distribution, and consumption, including renewable energy sources and energy efficiency standards.
- "They are created and/or enacted on behalf of the public typically by a government."
- "Sometimes they are made by nonprofit organizations or are made in co-production with communities or citizens."
- "They can include potential experts, scientists, engineers, and stakeholders or scientific data, or sometimes use some of their results."
- "There are many actors: elected politicians, political party leaders, pressure groups, civil servants, publicly employed professionals, judges, non-governmental organizations, international agencies, academic experts, journalists, and even sometimes citizens."
- "A popular way of understanding and engaging in public policy is through a series of stages known as 'the policy cycle.'"
- "A basic sequence is agenda setting, policy formulation, legitimation, implementation, and evaluation."
- "Officials considered as policymakers bear responsibility to reflect the interests of a host of different stakeholders."
- "Policy design entails a conscious and deliberate effort to define policy aims and map them instrumentally."
- "Academics and other experts in policy studies have developed a range of tools and approaches to help in this task."
- "The implementation of public policy is known as public administration."
- "Public policy can be considered to be the sum of a government's direct and indirect activities and has been conceptualized in a variety of ways."
- "They are typically made by policymakers affiliated with currently elected politicians."
- "They are made in co-production with communities or citizens, which can include potential experts, scientists, engineers, and stakeholders."
- "Even sometimes citizens who see themselves as the passive recipients of policy."
- "Policy design entails a conscious and deliberate effort to define policy aims and map them instrumentally."
- "It divides the policy process into a series of stages, from a notional starting point at which policymakers begin to think about a policy problem to a notional end point at which a policy has been implemented and policymakers think about how successful it has been before deciding what to do next."
- "They are guided by a conception and often implemented by programs."
- "Academic experts have developed a range of tools and approaches to help in this task."
- "Policymakers think about how successful it has been before deciding what to do next."