"Urban planning, also known as town planning, city planning, regional planning, or rural planning, is a technical and political process that is focused on the development and design of land use and the built environment..."
Maps of urban areas, including street maps, zoning maps, and demographic data.
Map projections: A map projection is the method used to represent the curved surface of the Earth on a flat map. Understanding different types of map projections can help you make informed cartographic decisions.
Cartographic design principles: Knowledge of cartographic design principles involves using visual elements to represent geographic features on a map to convey information to the user.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data structures: Understanding data structures can help you work with geographic data types and perform analysis on spatial data.
Map symbolization: Map symbolization involves using different symbols or colors to represent different features on a map.
Data acquisition: The process of data acquisition involves collecting data from various sources to build a comprehensive and accurate map.
Spatial analysis: Spatial analysis is the process of analyzing spatial patterns and relationships to gain insights into geographic phenomena.
Topographic mapping: Topographic maps are detailed representations of the Earth's surface featuring contour lines and other symbols to represent elevation and other features.
GPS technology: Understanding GPS technology is important for accurately locating features on a map.
Remote sensing: Remote sensing involves collecting data about the Earth's surface from a distance using various technologies, including satellite imagery.
Cartographic software: Knowledge of cartographic software can help you create and edit maps efficiently.
Historical cartography: Historical cartography involves the study of old maps and their creation.
Map reading and interpretation: Map reading involves the ability to read and interpret different symbols, scales, and legends to understand the information conveyed in a map.
Thematic Cartography: Maps created to demonstrate specific topics, such as population density, transportation, or pollution levels.
Historical Cartography: Maps that show the development and change of cities over time.
Contemporary Cartography: Maps that present current urban developments or landscapes.
Geodemographic Cartography: Maps based on social, economic, and demographic data.
Participatory/Community Cartography: Maps produced through community-based data collection methods, such as surveying, interviews, and group mapping.
Augmented Reality Cartography: Interactive maps created to be experienced through smartphones or other augmented reality technologies.
3D Cartography: Maps that use digital elevation models to represent urban landscapes in three dimensions.
Location-based Cartography: Maps that focus on the relationship between users' real-world location and digital information.
Sound Mapping: Mapping urban soundscapes to analyze and understand the sonic environment.
Emotional Mapping: Combining quantitative and qualitative data to reveal the emotional experiences of different communities within urban environments.
"...including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks and their accessibility."
"Many professional practitioners of urban planning, especially practitioners with the title 'urban planner,' study urban planning education, while some paraprofessional practitioners are educated in urban studies..."
"...others study and work in urban policy - the aspect of public policy used in the public administration subfield of political science that is most aligned with urban planning."
"Traditionally, urban planning followed a top-down approach in master planning the physical layout of human settlements."
"The primary concern was the public welfare, which included considerations of efficiency, sanitation, protection and use of the environment, as well as effects of the master plans on the social and economic activities."
"Over time, urban planning has adopted a focus on the social and environmental bottom-lines that focus on planning as a tool to improve the health and well-being of people while maintaining sustainability standards."
"In the early 21st century, Jane Jacobs's writings on legal and political perspectives effectively influenced urban planners to take into broader consideration of resident experiences and needs while planning."
"Urban planning answers questions about how people will live, work and play in a given area and thus, guides orderly development in urban, suburban and rural areas."
"Urban planners are also responsible for planning the efficient transportation of goods, resources, people and waste..."
"...a sense of inclusion and opportunity for people of all kinds, culture and needs; economic growth or business development; improving health and conserving areas of natural environmental significance..."
"Since most urban planning teams consist of highly educated individuals that work for city governments, recent debates focus on how to involve more community members in city planning processes."
"Urban planning is an interdisciplinary field that includes aspects of civil engineering, architecture, geography, political science, environmental studies, design sciences, history, economics, sociology, anthropology, business administration, and other fields."
"Practitioners of urban planning are concerned with research and analysis, strategic thinking, engineering architecture, urban design, public consultation, policy recommendations, implementation, and management."
"It is closely related to the field of urban design, and some urban planners provide designs for streets, parks, buildings, and other urban areas."
"The discipline of urban planning is the broader category that includes different sub-fields such as land-use planning, zoning, economic development, environmental planning, and transportation planning."
"Another important aspect of urban planning is that the range of urban planning projects include the large-scale master planning of empty sites or Greenfield projects as well as small-scale interventions and refurbishments of existing structures, buildings, and public spaces."
"Pierre Charles L'Enfant in Washington, D.C., Daniel Burnham in Chicago, Lúcio Costa in Brasília, and Georges-Eugene Haussmann in Paris planned cities from scratch, and Robert Moses and Le Corbusier refurbished and transformed cities and neighborhoods to meet their ideas of urban planning."
"Creating the plans requires a thorough understanding of penal codes and zonal codes of planning."
"Sustainable development was added as one of the main goals of all planning endeavors in the late 20th century when the detrimental economic and the environmental impacts of the previous models of planning had become apparent."