"A geologic map or geological map is a special-purpose map made to show various geological features."
Mapping the geological features of the earth's surface such as rocks, minerals, and fossils.
Geology: An understanding of geology is essential for geologic cartographers. This includes knowledge of rock types, geological structures, and geologic time.
Topographical map reading: Topographic maps show the relief of the land, which is important information for geologic cartographers. They need to be able to read and interpret topographic maps accurately.
Geographic information systems (GIS): GIS technology is commonly used in geologic cartography to analyze data, map features, and create geologic maps.
Remote sensing: Remote sensing techniques, including aerial photography and satellite imagery, are used to collect data for geologic maps.
Field mapping techniques: Geologic cartographers often spend time in the field collecting data in order to create accurate geologic maps. This includes field mapping techniques such as measuring strike and dip, taking samples, and noting geological features.
Geologic mapping symbols and conventions: Geologic maps use symbols and conventions to represent different rock types, formations, and geological features. It is important for geologic cartographers to be familiar with these symbols and conventions.
GPS and surveying techniques: Geo-referencing and precise mapping of geological formations on the earth's surface is critical in geologic mapping. Understanding the GPS and surveying techniques help create an accurate map.
Spatial statistics: Geologic cartographers use spatial statistics to analyze geologic data and identify patterns and relationships between different features.
Computer-aided design (CAD) software: CAD software is used to create geologic maps, cross-sections, and diagrams.
Map projection and coordinate systems: Geologic maps need to be created in a specific coordinate system and projection in order to be accurate and easily aligned with other maps. An understanding of these concepts is important for geologic cartographers.
Bedrock geologic map: This type of map shows the types and distribution of rock units that make up the Earth's crust.
Surficial geologic map: This type of map shows the distribution and types of soils, sediments, and other unconsolidated materials on the Earth's surface.
Structural geologic map: This type of map shows the orientation and distribution of geologic structures like faults, folds, and joints.
Geomorphologic map: This type of map shows the shape and topography of the Earth's surface, along with the distribution of landforms like valleys, hills, and mountains.
Soil geologic map: This type of map shows the distribution and types of soils, including their mineral composition and physical properties.
Mineral resources map: This type of map shows the distribution of mineral deposits like oil, gas, coal, and metallic ores.
Hydrogeologic map: This type of map shows the distribution and characteristics of groundwater resources and aquifers.
Paleolandscape map: This type of map shows the distribution of ancient landscapes and landforms, as inferred from geologic evidence.
Geologic hazard map: This type of map shows the locations and potential impacts of natural hazards like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, and floods.
Stratigraphic column: This type of chart displays the sequence and ages of rock layers in a given area of interest.
"Rock units or geologic strata are shown by color or symbols."
"Bedding planes and structural features such as faults, folds, are shown with strike and dip or trend and plunge symbols which give three-dimensional orientations features."
"Stratigraphic contour lines may be used to illustrate the surface of a selected stratum illustrating the subsurface topographic trends of the strata."
"Isopach maps detail the variations in thickness of stratigraphic units."
"It is not always possible to properly show this when the strata are extremely fractured, mixed, in some discontinuities, or where they are otherwise disturbed."
"Stratigraphic contour lines may be used to illustrate the surface of a selected stratum illustrating the subsurface topographic trends of the strata."
"Bedding planes and structural features such as faults, folds, are shown with strike and dip or trend and plunge symbols which give three-dimensional orientations features."
"Isopach maps detail the variations in thickness of stratigraphic units."
"Rock units or geologic strata are shown by color or symbols."
"It is not always possible to properly show this when the strata are extremely fractured, mixed, in some discontinuities, or where they are otherwise disturbed."
"Bedding planes and structural features such as faults, folds, are shown with strike and dip or trend and plunge symbols which give three-dimensional orientations features."
"Stratigraphic contour lines may be used to illustrate the surface of a selected stratum illustrating the subsurface topographic trends of the strata."
"A geologic map or geological map is a special-purpose map made to show various geological features."
"Isopach maps detail the variations in thickness of stratigraphic units."
"It is not always possible to properly show this when the strata are extremely fractured, mixed, in some discontinuities, or where they are otherwise disturbed."
"Bedding planes and structural features such as faults, folds, are shown with strike and dip or trend and plunge symbols which give three-dimensional orientations features."
"Stratigraphic contour lines may be used to illustrate the surface of a selected stratum illustrating the subsurface topographic trends of the strata."
"Rock units or geologic strata are shown by color or symbols. Bedding planes and structural features such as faults, folds, are shown with strike and dip or trend and plunge symbols."
"Isopach maps detail the variations in thickness of stratigraphic units."