"Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system (the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system), its functions and disorders."
The study of the nervous system and its function.
Neurons: Anatomy and physiology of nerve cells; how they communicate with each other, and how they control various functions in the brain and body.
Neurotransmitters: Chemicals that send signals between neurons and facilitate communication in the nervous system.
Ion channels: Proteins in the cell membrane that facilitate the passage of ions and regulate electrical signaling in neurons.
Synapses: The space between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released and received, and how they can be affected in various diseases.
Action potentials: The electrical impulses that are generated by neurons and are essential for communication.
Neuroplasticity: How the brain changes and adapts to new experiences, and how this process is linked to learning and memory.
Neurodegenerative diseases: Disorders that result in the progressive loss of neurons and can lead to conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.
Optogenetics: A technique that uses light to control neurons and understand their function in the nervous system.
Neural circuits: Groups of neurons that work together to perform specific functions, and how they are organized in the brain.
Neuroimaging: Techniques used to image the brain and understand its function, including positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and functional MRI (fMRI).
Developmental neurobiology: How the nervous system develops in embryos and how genetic, environmental, and other factors can affect this process.
Epigenetics: The study of changes in gene expression caused by factors other than changes in the DNA sequence itself, and how these changes can influence neural function.
Neuropharmacology: How drugs affect the nervous system and how they can be used to treat neurological disorders.
Neuroinflammation: How inflammation in the nervous system can contribute to various diseases and how it can be controlled.
Neural stem cells: Cells that can differentiate into different types of neurons and glia, and how they can be used in regenerative medicine.
Neuron-glia interactions: How glial cells support and regulate the function of neurons, and how they can be involved in disease processes.
Neurotransmitter transporters: Proteins that regulate the reuptake of neurotransmitters after they have been released, and how they can be targeted by drugs.
Neurotrophic factors: Proteins that promote the survival and growth of neurons, and how they can be manipulated to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
Neuropsychology: The study of how the brain and behavior are linked, and how cognitive processes such as perception, attention, and memory are mediated by the brain.
Cognitive neuroscience: The study of the neural basis of cognition, including how brain activity correlates with behavior and how certain brain regions are involved in specific cognitive processes.
Molecular neuroscience: Focuses on the study of molecules, such as genes, proteins, and signaling pathways, that regulate neuronal development, plasticity, and communication.
Cellular neuroscience: Examines the properties and interactions of individual nerve cells, including their structure, physiology, and electrical signaling.
Systems neuroscience: Explores how groups of neurons and neural circuits interact to process and integrate sensory information, generate behavior, and regulate physiological functions.
Cognitive neuroscience: Investigates the neural basis of thought, perception, attention, memory, emotion, and decision making, using imaging, electrophysiological, and behavioral techniques.
Developmental neuroscience: Studies the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that control the formation and maturation of the nervous system, from embryonic development to adulthood.
Neurocomputational neuroscience: Combines computational modeling and theoretical approaches to understand complex neural systems and behavioral patterns.
Neuropharmacology: Investigates how drugs and chemicals interact with the nervous system to alter physiological and behavioral responses.
Neuroimmunology: Examines the interactions between the immune system and the nervous system, and how they contribute to health and disease.
Neuroendocrinology: Studies the interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine system, and how they control physiological processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
Neuroethology: Examines the neural basis of animal behavior in natural settings, and how it is influenced by evolution, genetics, and environmental factors.
"It is a multidisciplinary science that combines physiology, anatomy, molecular biology, developmental biology, cytology, psychology, physics, computer science, chemistry, medicine, statistics, and mathematical modeling."
"...to understand the fundamental and emergent properties of neurons, glia and neural circuits."
"The understanding of the biological basis of learning, memory, behavior, perception, and consciousness has been described by Eric Kandel as the 'epic challenge' of the biological sciences."
"The scope of neuroscience has broadened over time to include different approaches used to study the nervous system at different scales."
"The techniques used by neuroscientists have expanded enormously, from molecular and cellular studies of individual neurons to imaging of sensory, motor and cognitive tasks in the brain."
"...neurons, glia, and neural circuits."
"...physiology, anatomy, molecular biology, developmental biology, cytology, psychology, physics, computer science, chemistry, medicine, statistics, and mathematical modeling."
"...to understand the fundamental and emergent properties of neurons, glia and neural circuits."
"The understanding of the biological basis of learning, memory, behavior, perception, and consciousness has been described by Eric Kandel as the 'epic challenge' of the biological sciences."
"The functions and disorders of the nervous system."
"Learning, memory, behavior, perception, and consciousness."
"The techniques used by neuroscientists have expanded enormously, from molecular and cellular studies of individual neurons to imaging of sensory, motor and cognitive tasks in the brain."
"Physiology, anatomy, molecular biology, developmental biology, cytology, psychology, physics, computer science, chemistry, medicine, statistics, and mathematical modeling."
"To understand the fundamental and emergent properties of neurons, glia and neural circuits."
"The understanding of the biological basis of learning, memory, behavior, perception, and consciousness has been described by Eric Kandel as the 'epic challenge' of the biological sciences."
"The scope of neuroscience has broadened over time to include different approaches used to study the nervous system at different scales."
"Glia and neural circuits."
"Molecular and cellular studies of individual neurons."
"The techniques used by neuroscientists have expanded enormously, from molecular and cellular studies of individual neurons to imaging of sensory, motor and cognitive tasks in the brain."