"Epigenomics is the study of the complete set of epigenetic modifications on the genetic material of a cell, known as the epigenome."
The study of the modifications to DNA and histones that regulate gene expression.
DNA Methylation: A process of adding a methyl group to the DNA molecule which plays a crucial role in gene regulation and other cellular processes.
Histone Modifications: A process of chemical modification of histone proteins in the chromatin which affects gene expression and plays a crucial role in epigenetic regulation.
Chromatin Remodeling: A process of changing the chromatin structure and organization to control gene expression and DNA accessibility.
Non-Coding RNAs: RNA molecules which do not code for proteins but play important roles in gene regulation and epigenetic processes.
Epigenetic Inheritance: The transmission of epigenetic information across generations without changes in the DNA sequence.
DNA Methylation Analysis: Techniques used for identifying and quantifying DNA methylation patterns in the genome of an organism.
ChIP-seq: Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing that identifies the genomic locations of proteins bound to DNA.
bisulfite sequencing: A technique used for identifying methylated regions in DNA by converting unmethylated cytosine to uridine using bisulfite treatment followed by sequencing.
Epigenetic Drugs: Compounds that can modify epigenetic marks and regulate gene expression, often used for the treatment of certain diseases such as cancer.
Epigenetic Biomarkers: Epigenetic marks that can be used as indicators for certain diseases or environmental exposures.
Epigenome-Wide Association Studies (EWAS): Studies that aim to identify associations between epigenetic marks and various phenotypes or diseases.
Epigenetic Engineering: Manipulating epigenetic marks in a controlled manner to alter gene expression or cellular processes.
Epigenetic Therapy: Using epigenetic modifiers to treat diseases, particularly cancer.
Epigenetic Clock: A tool used to estimate an individual's age and predict age-related diseases based on DNA methylation patterns.
Epigenetic Landscape: A visual representation of the epigenetic modifications across the genome, providing insight into gene regulation and cellular function.
DNA methylation: A process in which a methyl group is added to a cytosine base of DNA, which can change gene expression.
Histone modification: A process in which the DNA strand is wrapped around histone proteins, and the modification of the histone protein (acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, etc.) can influence gene expression.
Chromatin structure: Refers to the folding and packing of DNA and histone proteins in the nucleus, which affects gene accessibility.
Non-coding RNA: RNA molecules that are not translated into proteins but can still regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or messenger RNA (mRNA).
MicroRNAs: A type of non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression by binding to mRNA and suppressing their translation.
Single-cell epigenomics: The analysis of epigenetic modifications in individual cells to identify cell-specific epigenetic patterns.
Epigenetic inheritance: The passing of epigenetic modifications from one generation to the next, which can affect the expression of genes.
Epigenetic therapy: A type of cancer treatment that targets epigenetic modifications to alter gene expression and inhibit tumor growth.
Epigenetic biomarkers: Changes in epigenetic modifications that can serve as indicators of disease or environmental exposure.
Epigenetic engineering: The use of techniques like CRISPR to modify epigenetic marks in specific regions of the genome to treat or prevent disease.
"The field is analogous to genomics and proteomics, which are the study of the genome and proteome of a cell."
"Epigenetic modifications are reversible modifications on a cell's DNA or histones that affect gene expression without altering the DNA sequence."
"Epigenomic maintenance is a continuous process and plays an important role in the stability of eukaryotic genomes by taking part in crucial biological mechanisms like DNA repair."
"Plant flavones are said to be inhibiting epigenomic marks that cause cancers."
"Two of the most characterized epigenetic modifications are DNA methylation and histone modification."
"Epigenetic modifications play an important role in gene expression and regulation."
"Epigenetic modifications are involved in numerous cellular processes such as differentiation/development and tumorigenesis."
"The study of epigenetics on a global level has been made possible only recently through the adaptation of genomic high-throughput assays."