"The application of strategies and policies to increase the efficiency of transportation systems, that reduce travel demand, or to redistribute this demand in space or in time."
Managing demand for travel and congestion by encouraging the use of alternative modes of transportation, such as carpooling, public transportation, cycling and walking.
Transportation planning: The process of designing, implementing, and evaluating transportation systems, policies, and programs to meet the needs of society.
Traffic operations: The day-to-day management and control of traffic on roadways to improve safety and mobility.
Public transportation: The use of buses, trains, and other modes of transit to move people efficiently and sustainably.
Congestion management: The implementation of strategies to reduce travel demand, such as tolls, HOV lanes, and transit improvements.
Parking management: The management of parking resources to reduce congestion and encourage alternative modes of travel.
Pedestrian and bicycle planning: The design and implementation of infrastructure to promote walking and biking as safe and convenient modes of transportation.
Intelligent transportation systems (ITS): The use of technology to improve transportation operations, including real-time traffic monitoring, traveler information systems, and adaptive traffic signal control.
Sustainable transportation: The promotion of modes of transportation that are environmentally sustainable, such as biking, walking, and public transportation.
Transportation demand management (TDM): The implementation of policies and programs to reduce the demand for single-occupancy vehicle travel, including telecommuting, flexible work schedules, and carpooling.
Travel behavior: The study of how people make travel decisions, including factors that influence mode choice and trip frequency.
Carpooling: This type of TDM involves sharing a ride with one or more people to reach the same destination. Carpooling helps to reduce the number of cars on the road and greenhouse gas emissions.
Public Transportation: Public transportation is an efficient and sustainable way of reducing traffic congestion, air pollution, and energy consumption. It includes buses, trains, light rail, and ferries.
Biking and Walking: Encouraging biking and walking for short distance commuting can minimize traffic jams and help achieve overall health and fitness goals.
Telecommuting: Technology has promoted telecommuting, which enables employees to work remotely from home, coffee shops, or other locations, reducing traffic congestion, and carbon footprint.
Flexible Scheduling: Employees can use flexible timings and peak hour avoidance, thus spreading traffic load and reducing congestion.
Car-Sharing: This TDM scheme lets the members use shared vehicles, reducing the number of private cars on the road.
HOV Lanes: High Occupancy Vehicle lanes increases the mobility of efficient vehicles like buses, carpoolers, vanpoolers, and restricts single-occupancy cars from using the exclusive lane.
Congestion Pricing: It involves implementing a toll on roadways and bridges during peak traffic hours, enabling only commuters willing to pay extra during that period.
Parking Pricing: This TDM approach includes pricing adjustments to discourage excessive carbon emissions, reduce parking demand, and encourage travel to sustainable modes of transport.
Traffic and Incident Management: This is a group of TDM systems used to monitor and manage traffic, ensuring smooth and safe travel. It includes vehicle detection, signal coordination, and incident management systems.
Active Traffic Management: This modern methodology employs real-time data to manage traffic flow on highways by changing lane configurations, ramp access, and variable speed limits.
Urban Planning: Efficient land use, mixed-use development, walkable neighborhoods, and public space design can influence the choice of travel modes, reducing travel demand.
Parking Management: This TDM set up deploys technology to manage parking space availability, pricing, and permits that can reduce congestion, pollution, and unnecessary travel.
Travel Behavior Change: Engaging in outreach, education, and training programs that motivate travelers to alter their travel behavior, reducing solo-car commuting and shifting to sustainable transport.
Incentive Programs: This utilizes financial incentives align with TDM goals, providing a rebate or discount on eco-friendly transport modes or personalized commuting plans.
Value Pricing: This TDM program establishes travel alternatives through similar discounts for those traveling outside of peak hours or using alternative modes of transport.
"In transport, as in any network, managing demand can be a cost-effective alternative to increasing capacity."
"Better environmental outcomes, improved public health, stronger communities, and more prosperous cities."
"TDM techniques link with and support community movements for sustainable transport."
"The use of strategies to inform and encourage travelers to maximize the efficiency of a transportation system leading to improved mobility, reduced congestion, and lower vehicle emissions."