Refers to people who identify as having a European ancestry.
Historical context: The historical context is essential when studying race and ethnicity in Europe. It includes understanding the cultural and political background of the region to contextualize the current situation.
Immigration: Immigration is a central part of European sociology, as the continent has hosted many migrants from various parts of the world over the years.
Racism: The study of racism in Europe covers different forms and requires analyzing its historical and contemporary impact.
Nationalism: Nationalism is a crucial topic when studying European race and ethnicity, given how it has influenced politics, culture, and society in the region.
Multiculturalism: Multiculturalism takes center stage as Europe becomes more diverse, making it essential to study how different cultures coexist.
Ethnic conflict: Ethnic conflict refers to conflicts that are caused by differences between ethnic groups in Europe, which have varied over time.
Social stratification: Social stratification examines how groups are hierarchized in European society, often based on race and ethnicity, with unequal distribution of economic and social resources.
European integration: European integration refers to the gradual process of unity among European countries and the implications it has had on race and ethnicity.
Xenophobia: Xenophobia is a topic that involves studying irrational fears, hate, and discrimination or rejection of foreigners or the "other" in Europe.
Cultural assimilation: Cultural assimilation studies the practices by which different cultures adopt new elements from other cultures, and how natives of Europe interact with these processes.
Intersectionality: Intersectionality is a theoretical framework that studies the interconnections between various forms of oppression like race, gender, class, and sexuality.
Ethnic identity: Finally, ethnic identity refers to how individuals understand their ethnic background or cultural heritage, and the role it plays in their lives and society, in the context of the European region.