Quote: "Race is a categorization of humans based on shared physical or social qualities into groups generally viewed as distinct within a given society."
The categorization of people based on shared physical and cultural characteristics.
Social construction of race and ethnicity: Understanding how race and ethnicity are not biological concepts but rather social constructs created by society.
Prejudice and discrimination: Learning about the negative attitudes and actions toward individuals based on their race or ethnicity.
Institutional racism: Examining how institutions and systems create and maintain racial inequalities.
Intersectionality: Understanding how different forms of oppression such as racism, sexism, and classism intersect and compound one another.
Cultural appropriation: Learning about the harmful act of taking elements from a marginalized culture without respect or understanding of its significance.
White privilege: Examining the advantages and privileges that come with being white in a society dominated by white people.
Immigration and multiculturalism: Exploring the experiences of immigrants and the role of multiculturalism in promoting diversity and inclusion.
Racial identity and self-concept: Examining how individuals develop their racial and ethnic identities and the impact it has on their lives.
Colorism: Learning about the discrimination and prejudice based on skin color within and across racial groups.
Ethnic enclaves and assimilation: Exploring how ethnic enclaves form and how they contribute to the process of assimilation into dominant culture.
Race relations and social movements: Examining the history of race relations in the United States and the role of social movements in bringing about change.
Stereotyping: Understanding the negative impact of oversimplified and inaccurate beliefs about racial and ethnic groups.
Cultural pluralism: Examining the coexistence of diverse cultural groups in society and the challenges and benefits of such coexistence.
Micro-aggressions: Exploring the subtle and often unintentional forms of discrimination that occur in everyday interactions.
Systemic racism: Examining how racism operates at the systemic level, beyond individual attitudes and actions.
Quote: "The term came into common usage during the 16th century, when it was used to refer to groups of various kinds, including those characterized by close kinship relations."
Quote: "By the 17th century, the term began to refer to physical (phenotypical) traits, and then later to national affiliations."
Quote: "Modern science regards race as a social construct, an identity which is assigned based on rules made by society."
Quote: "While partly based on physical similarities within groups, race does not have an inherent physical or biological meaning."
Quote: "The concept of race is foundational to racism, the belief that humans can be divided based on the superiority of one race over another."
Quote: "Social conceptions and groupings of races have varied over time, often involving folk taxonomies that define essential types of individuals based on perceived traits."
Quote: "Modern scientists consider such biological essentialism obsolete, and generally discourage racial explanations for collective differentiation in both physical and behavioral traits."
Quote: "Scientists around the world continue to conceptualize race in widely differing ways."
Quote: "Others in the scientific community suggest that the idea of race is inherently naive or simplistic."
Quote: "All living humans belong to the same subspecies, Homo sapiens sapiens."
Quote: "Since the second half of the 20th century, race has been associated with discredited theories of scientific racism."
Quote: "Race has become increasingly seen as a largely pseudoscientific system of classification."
Quote: "Race has often been replaced by less ambiguous and/or loaded terms: populations, people(s), ethnic groups, or communities, depending on context."
Quote: "Its use in genetics was formally renounced by the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2023."
Quote: "Folk taxonomies define essential types of individuals based on perceived traits."
Quote: "While some researchers continue to use the concept of race to make distinctions among fuzzy sets of traits or observable differences in behavior..."
Quote: "Still others argue that, among humans, race has no taxonomic significance because all living humans belong to the same subspecies, Homo sapiens sapiens."
Quote: "Race has become increasingly seen as a largely pseudoscientific system of classification."
Quote: "The use in genetics was formally renounced by the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2023."