"The primary driving forces behind popular culture, especially when speaking of Western popular cultures, are the media, mass appeal, marketing and capitalism."
The study of the cultural products and practices that are widely embraced by the masses.
Mass Media: The means of communication used to reach a large audience, including television, newspapers, magazines, and the internet.
Celebrity Culture: The phenomenon of people who achieve celebrity status, and how this affects their public image and the wider culture.
Cultural Identity: The ways in which people identify with and express their cultural background, including language, food, music, and customs.
Gender and Sexuality: The role of gender and sexuality in popular culture, including representations of different identities and their impact on society.
Youth Culture: The cultural practices and identities of young people, including fashion, music, and political activism.
Subcultures: Different groups with their own distinct cultural practices, such as punk, hip-hop, and goth.
Social Movements: Political and social movements that have influenced popular culture, including feminism, civil rights, and LGBTQ rights.
Cultural Hegemony: The idea that dominant cultural practices and beliefs are imposed on subcultures and marginalized groups.
Consumer Culture: The culture of consumption and advertising, including the impact of advertising on consumer behavior and the environment.
Globalization: The ways in which cultural practices and ideas are spread and adapted around the world, including cultural imperialism and hybridization.
Fan Culture: The practices and identities of fans of popular culture, including fan fiction, cosplay, and fan communities.
Popular Music: The role of music in popular culture, including the history of popular music genres, and their impact on society.
Visual Culture: The use of images in popular culture, including photography, film, TV, and the internet.
Popular Literature: The role of literature in popular culture, including the history of popular literature genres and their impact on society.
Sports Culture: The role of sports in popular culture, including the history of popular sports and their impact on society.
Gaming Culture: The culture surrounding video games, including the history of gaming, online gaming, and the impact of video games on society.
Food Culture: The role of food in popular culture, including the history of food culture and the impact of food culture on society.
Art Culture: The role of art in popular culture, including contemporary art, street art, and mass-produced art.
Religion and Spirituality: The role of religion and spirituality in popular culture, including the impact of religious and spiritual beliefs on society.
Cultural Appropriation: The ways in which dominant cultures appropriate and commodify the cultural practices and symbols of marginalized cultures.
Music: It includes all types of genres like pop, rock, hip hop, classical, jazz, and more that are accessible to the general public and reflect the thoughts, sentiments and emotions of the people in a given society.
Television Shows and Movies: These are mass-produced entertainments which are viewed by millions of people across the world. Some of the most popular types of shows/movies include drama, comedy, action, romance, horror, fantasy, sci-fi, and more.
Video Games: Video games have become a popular mode of entertainment and are available on various platforms from consoles to smartphones. Games range from casual puzzles to high-end action-packed ones.
Social Media: Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Snapchat have revolutionized communication and entertainment. People can now connect with others from all over the world, share videos, stories, images and more.
Sports: Sports have a huge following and are popular forms of entertainment. From cricket, football, tennis, basketball, soccer, and many more, sports create a sense of community and national pride among fans.
Fashion: Fashion is a crucial aspect of popular culture, influencing and reflecting the trends and attitudes of each era. It includes clothing trends, accessories, cosmetics, hairstyles, and more.
Art: The arts are a vital part of cultural sociology, and include forms like fine art, graffiti, architecture, performance art, and more. They offer a reflection of society and its values.
Literature and Writing: These are forms of popular culture that focus on written material like novels, short stories, poems, articles, and more. They explore the human experience and emotions.
Food: One of the most universal forms of popular culture is food, which varies greatly between cultures and regions. It includes everything from local cuisine to fast food.
Memes: Memes are the latest addition to the popular culture list. They are images or videos that are shared widely on social media and are a reflection of society's sense of humor and digital culture.
"Therefore, popular culture has a way of influencing an individual's attitudes towards certain topics."
"Heavily influenced in modern times by mass media, this collection of ideas permeates the everyday lives of people in a given society."
"It is generally viewed in contrast to other forms of culture such as folk culture, working-class culture, or high culture..."
"...from different academic perspectives such as psychoanalysis, structuralism, postmodernism, and more."
"The common pop-culture categories are: entertainment (such as film, music, television, and video games), sports, news (as in people/places in the news), politics, fashion, technology, and slang."
"Popular culture (also called mass culture or pop culture)"
"Because of this, popular culture is something that can be defined in a variety of conflicting ways by different people across different contexts."
"Popular culture also encompasses the activities and feelings produced as a result of interaction with these dominant objects."
"Theodor Adorno refers to as the 'culture industry'."
"A set of practices, beliefs, artistic output (also known as popular art or mass art) and objects that are dominant or prevalent in a society at a given point in time."
"Mass culture"
"The media, mass appeal, marketing, and capitalism."
"The media, mass appeal, marketing, and capitalism."
"...it is produced by what philosopher Theodor Adorno refers to as the 'culture industry'. Heavily influenced in modern times by mass media, this collection of ideas permeates the everyday lives of people in a given society."
"A set of practices, beliefs, artistic output (also known as popular art or mass art) and objects"
"...generally recognized by members of a society as a set of practices, beliefs, artistic output (also known as popular art or mass art) and objects that are dominant or prevalent in a society at a given point in time."
"It is generally viewed in contrast to other forms of culture such as folk culture, working-class culture, or high culture..."
"Popular culture also encompasses the activities and feelings produced as a result of interaction with these dominant objects."
"...this collection of ideas permeates the everyday lives of people in a given society."