An exploration of the metrics and indicators used to evaluate the performance and impact of scientific research and technological development in society.
Indicators and their measurement: This topic covers the definition and measurement of indicators, including the various types of indicators used in STI policy and how they are calculated.
Science, technology and innovation policy: This topic focuses on the development of policies for science, technology, and innovation, including the goals, objectives, and strategies for implementing these policies.
Science and technology governance: This topic looks at the various governing structures and institutions for science and technology activities and how they facilitate the effective implementation of STI policies.
National systems of innovation: This topic examines the structures and institutions that exist within national systems of innovation and how they facilitate the flow of knowledge, technology, and innovation.
Science and technology networks: This topic explores the importance of networks in STI and how they facilitate collaboration and knowledge sharing across different actors in the system.
Intellectual property rights: This topic covers the legal framework governing intellectual property rights, including patents, trademarks, and copyrights, and their importance in STI.
Open innovation: This topic looks at the concept of open innovation, including the sharing of knowledge, resources, and intellectual property, and how it can help to accelerate the development of new technologies.
Science and technology funding: This topic covers the different funding mechanisms available to support science and technology activities, including government grants, venture capital, and private investment.
Technology diffusion and adoption: This topic examines the process of technology diffusion and adoption, including how new technologies are introduced, adopted, and diffused across different sectors and regions.
Innovation performance and outcomes: This topic looks at the different indicators used to measure innovation performance and outcomes, including metrics such as patents, R&D spending, and technology transfer.
R&D expenditure: This refers to the amount of resources that are invested into research and development in a given period of time.
Scientific publications: This refers to the number of scientific articles published in journals and other publications, which indicates the level of scientific output and activity.
Patents: This refers to the number of patents filed and granted, which indicates the level of innovation and the ability to secure intellectual property rights.
Research personnel: This refers to the number of people employed in research and development, which indicates the level of human capital dedicated to innovation.
Innovation surveys: This refers to surveys that measure the level of innovation activity and the barriers faced by firms when trying to innovate.
Collaboration and networking: This refers to the level of cooperation and partnerships between firms and research institutions, which facilitates knowledge sharing and the transfer of technology.
Use and adoption of new technology: This refers to the level of investment in and utilization of new technologies, which indicates the level of technological readiness and the ability to absorb and apply new knowledge.
Start-up creation: This refers to the number of new firms that are created, which reflects the level of entrepreneurial activity, innovation potential, and the overall business ecosystem.
Commercialization of research: This refers to the effectiveness of transferring the results of research and development into commercial products and services, which indicates the level of market orientation and the ability to monetize innovation.
Open innovation: This refers to the degree to which organizations engage with external partners and stakeholders in the innovation process, which helps to leverage external knowledge and resources.