"Estimates in 2016 put the number of unauthorized immigrants at 10.7 million..."
This subfield considers the policies for managing and controlling illegal migration, including deterrence, border control, and deportation.
The history of illegal immigration: The study of the historical causes, patterns, and trends of illegal migration.
Economic Causes of Illegal Migration: The economic factors that attract or push people to engage in illegal migration.
Political Causes of Illegal Migration: The political reasons that drive people to migrate illegally, such as unfavorable government policies, oppressive regimes, and persecution.
Legal Frameworks for Immigration: The legal instruments that govern the process of illegal migration, including law enforcement strategies, border control mechanisms, and asylum policies.
Social and Cultural Dimensions of Illegal Migration: An analysis of the cultural factors that encourage or inhibit illegal migration and its impact on both the host and origin countries.
Human Rights and Illegal Migration: The impact of anti-immigrant policies and actions on the human rights of immigrants.
Public Opinion and Illegal Migration: Analysis of the attitudes and opinions of the host country population towards immigrants.
The Role of International Organizations: The role of international organizations such as the United Nations and Non-Governmental Organizations in the management of illegal migration.
The Economic Impact of Illegal Migration for Host Countries: The socioeconomic implications of illegal migration for host countries.
Case Studies of Illegal Migration: Case studies of illegal migration from various regions of the world provide insights into migration patterns, factors, and consequences.
The Future of Immigration Policy: A discussion of future immigration policy trends and their potential impact on illegal migration.
Coyotes or human smugglers: These are individuals or organized crime groups that smuggle people across borders for money. They exploit migrants by charging high fees and exposing them to dangerous situations, such as traveling in overcrowded and inadequate vehicles under harsh conditions.
Asylum fraud: Asylum fraud involves individuals or groups of people who falsely claim that they are refugees or asylees in order to gain legal immigration status or other benefits.
Visa overstays: Visa overstays refer to individuals who enter another country legally but stay beyond the expiration date of their visa. This type of illegal immigration is quite common in countries with more relaxed visa regulations.
Illegal entry: Illegal entry involves crossing borders without proper authorization or documentation, such as sneaking across a border or using fraudulent documents.
Marriage fraud: Marriage fraud involves individuals who marry citizens of another country for the purpose of fraudulently obtaining residency or citizenship.
"...representing 3.3% of the total U.S. population."
"...illegal border crossings were at the lowest in decades until 2021 when a record of 1.7 million people were caught trying to cross the southern border illegally."
"Since 2007, visa overstays have accounted for a larger share of the growth in the illegal immigrant population than illegal border crossings..."
"In 2012, 52% of unauthorized immigrants were from Mexico..."
"As of 2016, approximately two-thirds of unauthorized adult immigrants had lived in the U.S. for at least a decade."
"Opponents of illegal immigration argue that people who enter the United States illegally are criminals, as well as social and economic burdens on law-abiding natives."
"...illegal immigrants who enter the United States illegally should be deported instead of being awarded with U.S. citizenship and social services."
"Research shows that illegal immigrants increase the size of the U.S. economy, contribute to economic growth, enhance the welfare of natives, contribute more in tax revenue than they collect..."
"...reduce American firms' incentives to offshore jobs and import foreign-produced goods."
"...benefit consumers by reducing the prices of goods and services."
"Economists estimate that legalization of the illegal immigrant population would increase the immigrants' earnings and consumption considerably."
"There is scholarly consensus that illegal immigrants commit less crime than natives."
"Sanctuary cities... have no statistically meaningful impact on crime."
"Research suggests that immigration enforcement has no impact on crime rates."
"Foreign nationals (aliens) can violate US... immigration laws by entering the United States unlawfully or lawfully entering but then remaining after the expiration of their visas, parole, TPS, etc."
"The illegal immigrant population of the United States peaked by 2007 when it was at 12.2 million..."
"The illegal immigrant population of the United States peaked by 2007, when it was at 12.2 million..."
"Estimates in 2016 put the number of unauthorized immigrants at 10.7 million..."
"...representing 3.3% of the total U.S. population."