"Environmental justice or eco-justice, is a social movement to address environmental injustice, which occurs when poor and marginalized communities are harmed by hazardous waste, resource extraction, and other land uses from which they do not benefit."
The principle that everyone has the right to a safe and healthy environment, regardless of their race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status. It seeks to redress environmental inequalities and promote equitable access to environmental resources and benefits.
Environmental justice: The concept of ensuring fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people, regardless of their race, ethnicity, or income, in the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.
Environmental policy: The set of laws, regulations, and guidelines established by governments, organizations, or communities to manage the interactions between humans and the natural environment.
Environmental regulations: Policies and laws established by governments to control and manage pollution and ensure that businesses and industries comply with environmental standards.
Environmental governance: The process of making and implementing decisions to protect the environment and manage natural resources and its impact on people.
Environmental science: The study of the natural world, including the physical, chemical, and biological processes that affect living organisms, ecosystems, and natural resources.
Environmental health: The study of how the natural and built environment affects human health and well-being, including exposure to environmental hazards, such as pollution.
Environmental sustainability: The ability of humans to use natural resources in a manner that preserves and protects them for future generations.
Environmental ethics: The study of ethical and moral issues surrounding environmental problems and the relationship between humans and the natural world.
Environmental racism: The practice of disproportionately exposing low-income and minority communities to environmental hazards, such as pollution and hazardous waste.
Environmental equity: The principle that all people, regardless of race or income, should have equal access to environmental benefits and protections.
Environmental activism: Efforts to promote or protect the environment, often through social and political action.
Environmental education: The process of educating people about the natural environment and its importance for humans and other living organisms.
Climate change: The long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, and other climate variables that are occurring as a result of human activities, such as burning fossil fuels.
Biodiversity: The variety of plant and animal species and ecosystems on earth and the role they play in supporting human life.
Sustainable development: The use of natural resources in a manner that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Environmental racism: This is a type of environmental injustice that occurs when marginalized communities are disproportionately burdened with exposure to environmental pollution and hazards. This can be due to discriminatory practices in the location of waste disposal sites or toxic industries.
Climate justice: This is the fair and equitable distribution of the effects of climate change, including mitigation and adaptation strategies. It involves addressing the unequal distribution of vulnerability and impacts of climate change on communities that are most vulnerable.
Access to environmental goods: This involves ensuring equitable access to natural resources, such as clean water and air, for all members of society.
Community participation: This involves empowering communities to be active participants in environmental decision-making processes that could affect them.
Environmental health: This involves addressing the negative health impacts of environmental pollution and hazards on communities.
Environmental equity: This involves ensuring fair and equal distribution of environmental benefits and risks across all communities.
Environmental restoration: This involves restoring damaged ecosystems and supporting the recovery of species and habitats that have been negatively impacted by human activities.
Economic justice: This involves fair and equitable access to economic opportunities that promote sustainable development and support the transition to a green economy.
Environmental democracy: This involves promoting transparency, accountability, and civic engagement in environmental decision-making processes.
Environmental education: This involves promoting environmental literacy and awareness among communities to foster responsible environmental behavior and enhance sustainability.
"The movement began in the United States in the 1980s."
"It was heavily influenced by the American civil rights movement and focused on environmental racism within rich countries."
"The movement was later expanded to consider gender, international environmental injustice, and inequalities within marginalized groups."
"The movement for environmental justice has thus become more global, with some of its aims now being articulated by the United Nations. The movement overlaps with movements for Indigenous land rights and for the human right to a healthy environment."
"The goal of the environmental justice movement is to achieve agency for marginalized communities in making environmental decisions that affect their lives."
"The global environmental justice movement arises from local environmental conflicts in which environmental defenders frequently confront multi-national corporations in resource extraction or other industries."
"Local outcomes of these conflicts are increasingly influenced by trans-national environmental justice networks."
"Environmental justice scholars have produced a large interdisciplinary body of social science literature that includes contributions to political ecology, environmental law, and theories on justice and sustainability."
"Environmental injustice, which occurs when poor and marginalized communities are harmed by hazardous waste, resource extraction, and other land uses from which they do not benefit."
"The movement began in the United States in the 1980s."
"The movement was heavily influenced by the American civil rights movement and focused on environmental racism within rich countries."
"The movement was later expanded to consider gender, international environmental injustice, and inequalities within marginalized groups."
"As the movement achieved some success in rich countries, environmental burdens were shifted to the Global South (as, for example, through extractivism or the global waste trade)."
"The movement overlaps with movements for Indigenous land rights and for the human right to a healthy environment."
"The goal of the environmental justice movement is to achieve agency for marginalized communities in making environmental decisions that affect their lives."
"Local outcomes of these conflicts are increasingly influenced by trans-national environmental justice networks."
"Environmental justice scholars have produced a large interdisciplinary body of social science literature that includes contributions to political ecology, environmental law, and theories on justice and sustainability."
"Exposure to environmental harm is inequitably distributed."
"As the movement achieved some success in rich countries, environmental burdens were shifted to the Global South."