- "Public health is 'the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals'."
A comprehensive understanding of the key principles and concepts of public health, including the determinants of health, disease surveillance, and epidemiology.
Epidemiology: The study of patterns and determinants of health and disease in populations.
Biostatistics: The application of statistical methods to biological and health-related problems.
Health Policy: The process by which decisions are made regarding health care and the allocation of resources.
Health Promotion: The process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health.
Environmental Health: The study of how our environment affects our health and how we can prevent or control health problems caused by environmental factors.
Occupational Health: The application of science to protect and promote the health and safety of people at work.
Health Services Administration: The management of health care systems, organizations, and programs.
Global Health: The study of health issues that affect populations worldwide.
Health Behavior: The study of how individual, social, cultural, and environmental factors influence health-related behavior.
Community Health: The study of the health of populations in a particular locality or geographic area.
Health Communication: The process of informing, influencing, and educating people about health issues, risks, and behaviors.
Health Disparities: Differences in health status, access to health care, and health outcomes among different demographic groups.
Health Equity: The concept of achieving the highest possible level of health for all people, regardless of their race, ethnicity, gender, or socioeconomic status.
Health Promotion Planning and Implementation: The process of planning, implementing, and evaluating interventions to promote health and prevent illness.
Health Informatics: The application of information technology to health care and public health.
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: This principle emphasizes the importance of preventing illness and promoting healthy behaviors and lifestyles.
Epidemiology: The study of the distribution and determinants of disease and injury in populations, and the application of this study to the control and prevention of health problems.
Environmental Health: This principle focuses on the relationship between people and their environment and how it affects their health.
Community Health: A principle that involves considering community, cultural, and socioeconomic factors that influence the health of a population, in order to plan and implement health programs that meet the unique needs of a particular community.
Health Equity: The principle of health equity is based on the understanding that all people should have equal opportunities to achieve good health, regardless of their race, ethnicity, gender, or socioeconomic background.
Health Policy and Management: This principle involves the development and implementation of policies and programs aimed at improving health outcomes for populations or communities.
Public Health Ethics: Ethics in public health are important because they guide decision-making and provide a framework for addressing ethical issues that arise in public health practice.
Global Health: This principle encompasses the study of health and disease beyond national borders, recognizing that health problems that occur in one part of the world can have implications for other parts of the world.
Biostatistics: This principle involves the application of statistical methods to analyze health data and inform decision-making in public health.
Health Communication: This principle is concerned with the promotion of effective communication between health professionals and patients, as well as between different organizations involved in public health.
- "Analyzing the determinants of health of a population and the threats it faces is the basis for public health."
- "Epidemiology, biostatistics, social sciences and management of health services are all relevant."
- "Other important sub-fields include environmental health, community health, behavioral health, health economics, public policy, mental health, health education, health politics, occupational safety, disability, oral health, gender issues in health, and sexual and reproductive health."
- "Public health, together with primary care, secondary care, and tertiary care, is part of a country's overall healthcare system."
- "Common public health initiatives include promotion of hand-washing and breastfeeding, delivery of vaccinations, promoting ventilation and improved air quality both indoors and outdoors, suicide prevention, smoking cessation, obesity education, increasing healthcare accessibility, and distribution of condoms to control the spread of sexually transmitted diseases."
- "There is a significant disparity in access to health care and public health initiatives between developed countries and developing countries, as well as within developing countries."
- "In developing countries, public health infrastructures are still forming. There may not be enough trained healthcare workers, monetary resources, or, in some cases, sufficient knowledge to provide even a basic level of medical care and disease prevention."
- "A major public health concern in developing countries is poor maternal and child health, exacerbated by malnutrition and poverty coupled with governments' reluctance in implementing public health policies."
- "Great Britain became a leader in the development of public health initiatives, beginning in the 19th century, due to the fact that it was the first modern urban nation worldwide."
- "The public health initiatives that began to emerge initially focused on sanitation (for example, the Liverpool and London sewerage systems), control of infectious diseases (including vaccination and quarantine) and an evolving infrastructure of various sciences, e.g. statistics, microbiology, epidemiology, sciences of engineering."