"An organization of people, institutions, and resources that delivers health care services to meet the health needs of target populations."
An understanding of how healthcare systems are designed, how they operate, and the various policies that are in place to regulate them.
Government and Public Health: This topic covers the role of the government in the healthcare system, including the funding and regulation of healthcare facilities and providers.
Healthcare Financing and Insurance: This topic explores the different types of healthcare insurance plans and government-funded programs, as well as the complex financial aspects of the healthcare system.
Healthcare Organizations and Delivery Systems: This covers the different types of healthcare organizations, such as hospitals, group practices, and long-term care facilities, as well as the various delivery systems used to provide care.
Healthcare Quality and Patient Safety: This topic focuses on the quality and safety of patient care, including measures used to evaluate and improve quality and ways to reduce medical errors and adverse events.
Healthcare Ethics and Law: This topic examines the legal and ethical considerations involved in healthcare, including patient rights, informed consent, medical confidentiality, and end-of-life care.
Healthcare Policy and Advocacy: This covers the development and implementation of healthcare policies, including the role of advocacy organizations and political actors in shaping policy.
Healthcare Technology and Information Management: This topic explores the use of technology in healthcare, from electronic health records and clinical decision support systems to telemedicine and mobile health apps.
Healthcare Workforce and Human Resources: This topic examines the importance of a diverse and skilled healthcare workforce, covering topics such as recruitment, training and education, and retention and job satisfaction.
Population Health: This focuses on the health needs of specific populations, including vulnerable or marginalized groups, and the impact of social determinants of health on health outcomes.
Global Health: This topic explores health issues and policies affecting populations globally, including infectious diseases, healthcare access, and healthcare disparities.
National Health Service (NHS): A publicly funded healthcare system where the government employs healthcare workers and owns the hospitals and clinics.
Single-Payer System: A healthcare system where one entity (typically the government) pays for all healthcare costs of the population.
Socialized Medicine: A healthcare delivery system in which the government owns and operates healthcare facilities and employs healthcare professionals.
Universal Health Care: A healthcare system that provides healthcare to all citizens regardless of their income or employment status.
Multi-Payer Healthcare System: A healthcare system where multiple entities (usually private insurance companies and the government) pay for healthcare services.
Market-Based Healthcare System: A healthcare system where healthcare services are provided based on market demand and competition.
Managed Care: A healthcare delivery system where healthcare providers are incentivized to reduce healthcare costs by providing preventative care and sharing costs.
Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs): A healthcare delivery system where providers collaborate to provide high-quality care and reduce costs.
Medicare-for-All: A proposed healthcare system where the government provides a universal healthcare plan to all citizens.
Consumer-Directed Healthcare: A healthcare delivery system that empowers patients to make informed healthcare decisions and manage their healthcare costs.
Value-Based Healthcare: A healthcare delivery system where providers are reimbursed based on patient outcomes instead of procedures.
Public-Private Partnerships: A healthcare delivery system where the government and private sector partner to provide healthcare services.
"There is a wide variety of health systems around the world, with as many histories and organizational structures as there are nations."
"Common elements in virtually all health systems are primary healthcare and public health measures."
"Health system planning is distributed among market participants."
"There is a concerted effort among governments, trade unions, charities, religious organizations, or other co-ordinated bodies to deliver planned health care services targeted to the populations they serve."
"Health care planning has been described as often evolutionary rather than revolutionary."
"Nations must design and develop health systems in accordance with their needs and resources."
"Health systems are likely to reflect the history, culture, and economics of the states in which they evolve."
"These peculiarities bedevil and complicate international comparisons."
"Preclude any universal standard of performance." (Continued)
"Delivers health care services to meet the health needs of target populations."
"Governments are often involved in planning and delivering health care services targeted to specific populations."
"Common elements in virtually all health systems."
"Governments, trade unions, charities, religious organizations, or other co-ordinated bodies."
"Nations must design and develop health systems in accordance with their needs and resources."
"Health systems are likely to reflect the history, culture, and economics of the states in which they evolve."
"These peculiarities bedevil and complicate international comparisons."
"Health system planning is distributed among market participants."
"Health care planning has been described as often evolutionary."
"Preclude any universal standard of performance."