Looks at the governance and accountability frameworks in place in PPPs, including decision-making processes, stakeholder engagement, and performance reporting.
Governance structures: The various frameworks, policies, and procedures for managing public-private partnerships (PPPs).
Accountability mechanisms: The measures for ensuring transparency, compliance, and accountability in PPP agreements.
Contracts and legal frameworks: The legal arrangements and contract terms that govern PPP relationships between the public and private sectors.
Risk management: The identification, evaluation, and mitigation of potential risks in PPP projects, including financial, operational, and reputational risks.
Financial appraisal and analysis: The assessment of the financial viability of PPP projects, including the calculation of financial and economic rates of return.
Procurement processes: The procedures for soliciting, evaluating, and selecting private sector partners for PPP projects.
Performance monitoring and evaluation: The measurement, analysis, and reporting of the performance of PPP projects, including the monitoring of key performance indicators.
Stakeholder engagement: The engagement of various stakeholders, including communities, civil society organizations, and private sector partners, in PPP projects.
Capacity building: The development of the capacity of public sector officials to plan, implement, and manage PPP projects.
Cross-cutting issues: The various social, environmental, and gender-related considerations in PPP projects, including social inclusion and environmental sustainability.
Co-Production: This type of governance and accountability involves collaboration between the public and private sector to design and deliver services, initiatives, or projects.
Joint Ventures: A type of governance and accountability where a partnership is formed between public and private entities to create and run a business venture, with both parties sharing the profits and risks.
Concession agreements: A type of governance and accountability where the private sector is granted permission to operate public services or infrastructure for a specific period in exchange for financial remuneration and the guarantee of service delivery.
Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT): A type of governance and accountability where the private sector finances, constructs, operates, and maintains public infrastructure or services for a set period, after which the ownership is transferred back to the public sector.
Service and Management Contracts: A type of governance and accountability where the private sector is contracted to deliver specific services or management functions on behalf of the public sector, with the public sector retaining ownership of the assets or infrastructure.
Design-Build-Finance (DBF): A type of governance and accountability where the private sector designs, builds and finances a public asset or infrastructure, with the public sector retaining ownership.
Performance-Based Contracts: A type of governance and accountability where the private sector is contracted to achieve specific targets, and their payment is tied to meeting those targets.
Hybrid Models: A type of governance and accountability where multiple forms of partnerships are in place, with the governance and accountability structure tailored to fit the specific context and objectives of the partnership.