"International Relations (IR) are the interactions among sovereign states."
The study of political, economic, and social interactions between countries and how they affect international administration.
International law and norms: The study of the legal frameworks and principles that govern relations between sovereign states, international institutions, and non-state actors.
International political economy: The examination of the interdependence between politics and economics in the international system, including trade, finance, and globalization.
International organizations: The study of intergovernmental organizations and non-governmental organizations that facilitate cooperation and coordination between states.
Diplomacy and negotiations: The art and practice of communication and negotiation between international actors to resolve conflicts, establish relationships, and promote cooperation.
International security: The study of the causes, dynamics, and consequences of political violence, including war, terrorism, and conflict resolution.
International development: The examination of the social, economic, and political factors that affect the economic growth and well-being of nations, including aid, trade, and governance.
International relations theory: The study of the philosophical and theoretical frameworks that seek to explain and understand the nature of international relations and the behavior of international actors.
Foreign policy analysis: The study of the decision-making processes and strategies used by states to achieve their foreign policy objectives.
Comparative politics: The study of the domestic political systems and processes of different countries and how they interact with the international system.
Global governance: The examination of the mechanisms and institutions that promote cooperation and coordination between states and other international actors in addressing global challenges.
Bilateral Relations: Bilateral Relations refers to the management and interactions between two sovereign states, addressing areas of mutual interest, cooperation, and conflict.
Multilateral Relations: Multilateral Relations refer to interactions and cooperation between three or more nations or international organizations in order to address common global challenges and pursue shared interests.
Global Governance: Global governance refers to the collective efforts and mechanisms employed by states, international organizations, and non-state actors to address global challenges and manage global affairs.
International Law: International Law is a set of rules and principles governing the relationships and interactions between sovereign states and other international actors.
International Trade: International Trade refers to the exchange of goods, services, and capital across national borders, involving the buying and selling of products between different countries.
Foreign Policy: Foreign Policy refers to the strategies and decisions adopted by a government to interact with other nations and advance its national interests.
Globalization: Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries and societies worldwide, resulting in the integration of economies, cultures, and governance systems.
International Security: International Security refers to the measures and policies undertaken by countries to maintain peace and protect themselves from threats, such as armed conflicts, terrorism, and weapons proliferation, on a global scale.
International Development: International development refers to the collective efforts and strategies employed by governments, organizations, and individuals to address and improve social, economic, and political conditions in developing countries.
International Communication: International Communication in the context of Public Administration and International Relations refers to the exchange of information, ideas, and messages between individuals, organizations, and nations across geopolitical boundaries for the purpose of diplomacy, cooperation, and policy-making.
"It concerns all activities among states—such as war, diplomacy, trade, and foreign policy—as well as relations with and among other international actors."
"Other international actors, such as intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs), international legal bodies, and multinational corporations (MNCs)."
"There are several schools of thought within IR, of which the most prominent are realism, liberalism, and constructivism."
"International relations is widely classified as a major subdiscipline of political science."
"It also often draws heavily from other fields, including anthropology, economics, geography, law, philosophy, sociology, and history."
"International relations did not become a discrete field until 1919."
"...first offered as an undergraduate major by Aberystwyth University in the United Kingdom."
"...in response to the geostrategic concerns of the Cold War."
"The collapse of the Soviet Union and subsequent rise of globalization in the late 20th century."
"The scientific study of those interactions is called international studies, international politics, or international affairs."
"The collapse of the Soviet Union and subsequent rise of globalization."
"Itergovernmental organizations (IGOs), international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs), international legal bodies, and multinational corporations (MNCs)."
"...such as war, diplomacy, trade, and foreign policy."
"...particularly in North America and Western Europe."
"International relations is widely classified as a major subdiscipline of political science."
"...geostrategic concerns of the Cold War."
"It also often draws heavily from other fields, including anthropology, economics, geography, law, philosophy, sociology, and history."
"The collapse of the Soviet Union and subsequent rise of globalization."
"...war, diplomacy, trade, and foreign policy."