Examine how public policy is formulated and implemented by the federal government.
Government structures and systems: This topic covers the different branches of government, their functions, and how they interact with each other to create public policy.
Policy-making process: This topic covers how public policies are made, implemented, and evaluated through different stages like agenda setting, formulation, adoption, implementation and evaluation.
Policy analysis: This topic covers the various approaches and methods used to study public policies, including qualitative and quantitative methods, cost-benefit analysis, and impact assessment.
Public management and administration: This topic covers the practice of managing and administering public programs and services, including budgeting, public personnel management, performance measurement and improvement, and outsourcing.
Political economy: This topic covers the interplay between politics, economics, and social systems in the creation and implementation of public policy.
Ethics and social justice: This topic covers the moral and ethical considerations involved in public policy decision-making, including fairness, equality, and social welfare.
Legal and regulatory frameworks: This topic covers the laws, regulations, and policies that govern public policy-making, implementation and evaluation.
Comparative analysis in public policy: This topic covers analysis of public policies across different countries, regions, and systems, and how they differ, learn from each other or converge in the long term.
Public Opinion and stakeholder engagement: This topic covers the role of public opinion and stakeholder engagement in the policy-making process, including how to engage with the public, interest groups, and other stakeholders to influence public policy.
International organizations and policy-making: This topic covers an understanding of the role international organizations (such as the United Nations, International Monetary Fund, World Trade Organization, etc.) play in shaping public policies globally, and the international agreements that impact public policy in different countries.
Economic Policy: The economic policy refers to the methods and strategies of the government to promote economic growth, stability, and development. This policy focuses on taxation, budgeting, trade regulations, monetary policy, and financial stability.
Social Policy: The social policy deals with the methods and strategies of the government to address social problems including poverty, health care, education, and social security. This policy ensures social welfare and an overall better quality of life for citizens.
Environmental Policy: Environmental policy deals with the strategies and methods to protect the environment, natural resources, and sustainable development. It includes regulating air and water quality, climate change, and wildlife conservation.
Foreign Policy: Foreign policy governs international relations and diplomacy. It focuses on promoting national interests abroad and maintaining peace and stability between nations.
Defense Policy: Defense policy is the strategy and planning for the defense of the country from internal and external risks. It includes military planning, resource allocation, and defense expenditure.
Transportation Policy: The transportation policy deals with the regulation of transport infrastructure, including public transportation, highways, railways, and airports.
Technology Policy: Technology policy deals with the government's role in shaping technological advancements and ensuring that technological progress aligns with social goals and values.
Health Policy: Health Policy deals with the strategies, plans, and regulations related to public health, including health care delivery, health insurance, and medical research.
Energy Policy: The energy policy deals with the regulation of the production, distribution, and consumption of energy resources. It includes energy security, renewable energy, and energy efficiency.
Education Policy: Education Policy governs the methods and strategies of the government in the provision of education and educational outcomes, including curriculum, standardization, and funding.