"Environmental economics is a sub-field of economics concerned with environmental issues."
The study of the economic impacts of human actions on the environment and the role of economic incentives in promoting sustainable environmental practices.
Natural Resources: Natural resources are the raw materials that are obtained from the environment and are used for economic and non-economic purposes.
Environmental Pollution: Environmental pollution refers to the contamination of air, water, and soil by the release of harmful toxins and pollutants.
Climate Change: Climate change is a global phenomenon that has resulted from human activities affecting the environment, resulting in rapid climate fluctuations and extreme weather conditions.
Environmental Policy: Environmental Policies are laws and regulations made by governments and organizations that set standards for sustainable resource use and conservation.
Ecosystem Management: Ecosystem management is the process of balancing the utilization of natural resources with the conservation and protection of ecosystems by maintaining their ecological functions and services.
Incentives and Markets: Incentives and Markets are economic tools that are explored in the context of environmental economics to help in encouraging sustainable behaviors and resources conservation.
Environmental Values: Environmental values refer to the intrinsic and extrinsic values of natural resources that have social and economic impacts.
Emissions Trading: Emissions trading is a market-based approach of reducing carbon emissions and other pollutants by setting caps on emissions.
Ecological Footprints: Ecological footprints refer to the measure of a human population's impact on natural resources and ecosystems, taking into account their resource consumption and waste production.
Sustainable Development: Sustainable development is the process of developing while protecting the environment and natural resources for future generations.
Environmental Ethics: Environmental ethics is a field of study that deals with ethical issues that arise from human impacts on the environment.
Biodiversity: Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in different ecosystems, including the variety of species and genetic diversity.
Resource Economics: Resource economics is a field of study that deals with the production and consumption of natural resources and their economic impact.
Energy Economics: Energy economics deals with the production, consumption and pricing of energy sources in relation with economic development, sustainable development and environmental protection.
Environmental Management Systems: Environmental management systems (EMS) refer to management methods that incorporate environmental concerns to reduce environmental impacts, save resources, and comply with environmental regulations.
Corporate Social Responsibility: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives involve businesses and corporations engaging in social, environmental and ethical practices for the benefit of the society as a whole.
International Environmental Treaties: International environmental treaties are agreements made between countries aimed at addressing specific environmental challenges such as climate change, wildlife conservation, and the protection of natural resources.
Green Accounting: Green Accounting refers to the incorporation of environmental costs and benefits in economic decisions and calculation of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by accounting for the depletion of natural capital and other environmental factors.
Environmental Impact Assessments: Environmental impact assessments (EIAs) are tools used to evaluate the potential environmental effects of development projects and activities.
Environmental Psychology: Environmental psychology is a field of study that examines the relationship between humans and the environment, and how environmental factors affect human behavior and mental health.
Pollution Economics: This branch of environmental economics focuses on the economic costs and benefits of pollution control policies.
Natural Resource Economics: This branch of environmental economics focuses on the economic management of renewable and non-renewable natural resources.
Climate Change Economics: This branch of environmental economics focuses on the economic impacts of climate change and the cost-benefit analysis of policies to mitigate or adapt to it.
Valuation Economics: This branch of environmental economics focuses on the measurement and valuation of the benefits and costs of environmental goods and services.
Environmental Policy Analysis: This branch of environmental economics seeks to develop analytical tools and frameworks for evaluating environmental policies.
Ecological and Biological Economics: This branch of environmental economics tries to integrate ecological and biological factors into economic models.
International Environmental Economics: This branch of environmental economics studies the economic implications of global environmental problems, such as climate change, biodiversity loss, or water scarcity.
Land Use Economics: This branch of environmental economics focuses on the economic factors that influence land use, such as urbanization, agriculture, or forestry.
Energy Economics: This branch of environmental economics focuses on the economic aspects of energy production and consumption, including renewable and non-renewable sources.
Environmental Accounting: This branch of environmental economics explores methods for evaluating the environmental performance of organizations, industries, or regions.
"It has become a widely studied subject due to growing environmental concerns in the twenty-first century."
"Theoretical or empirical studies of the economic effects of national or local environmental policies around the world."
"Particular issues include the costs and benefits of alternative environmental policies to deal with air pollution, water quality, toxic substances, solid waste, and global warming."
"Environmental economics is distinguished from ecological economics in that ecological economics emphasizes the economy as a subsystem of the ecosystem with its focus upon preserving natural capital."
"Ecological economists emphasizing 'strong' sustainability and rejecting the proposition that human-made ('physical') capital can substitute for natural capital."
"One survey of German economists found that ecological and environmental economics are different schools of economic thought."
"Ecological economics emphasizes the economy as a subsystem of the ecosystem."
"The focus [of ecological economics] is upon preserving natural capital."
"Ecological economists reject the proposition that human-made ('physical') capital can substitute for natural capital."
"...to deal with air pollution, water quality, toxic substances, solid waste, and global warming."
"Environmental policies have economic effects in national or local contexts around the world."
"Growing environmental concerns in the twenty-first century."
"Particular issues include the costs and benefits of alternative environmental policies."
"Dealing with air pollution, water quality, toxic substances, solid waste, and global warming."
"Ecological economics emphasizes the economy as a subsystem of the ecosystem."
"Preserving natural capital."
"Ecological and environmental economics are different schools of economic thought."
"Rejecting the proposition that human-made ('physical') capital can substitute for natural capital."
"Concerns regarding environmental issues."