"Stimulus (physiology), something external that influences an activity."
An object or event that produces a sensory or behavioral response in an organism.
Classical Conditioning: A type of learning where an animal or person learns to associate two stimuli and responds accordingly.
Operant Conditioning: A type of learning where behaviors are reinforced or punished to increase or decrease the likelihood of those behaviors being repeated.
Reinforcement: A stimulus or event that increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.
Punishment: A stimulus or event that decreases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.
Extinction: The gradual disappearance of a learned behavior when the reinforcement is withheld.
Generalization: The tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to the original learned stimulus.
Discrimination: The ability to differentiate between different stimuli.
Conditioned Stimulus: A previously neutral stimulus that now elicits a response after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
Unconditioned Stimulus: A stimulus that naturally elicits a response without prior conditioning.
Conditioned Response: The learned response that is elicited by a conditioned stimulus.
Unconditioned Response: The natural response to an unconditioned stimulus.
Higher-order Conditioning: Associating a neutral stimulus with a previously conditioned stimulus to produce a new conditioned response.
Secondary Reinforcement: A reinforcement that is not inherently rewarding but becomes reinforcing through association with other reinforcers.
Shaping: Gradually reinforcing closer and closer approximations of a desired behavior.
Stimulus Control: The ability of a stimuli to elicit a specific response.
Latent Learning: Learning that occurs without an immediate measurable effect.
Observational Learning: Learning by observing the behavior of others.
Insight Learning: A sudden realization or understanding that leads to a solution to a problem.
Social Learning Theory: A theory that emphasizes the importance of observation and modeling in learning.
Schedules of reinforcement: Different patterns of delivering reinforcement that can affect the rate and durability of learning.
Classical conditioning: A type of learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with a meaningful stimulus until the neutral stimulus produces the same response as the meaningful stimulus.
Operant conditioning: A type of learning that occurs when the frequency of a behavior is affected by the consequences that follow the behavior.
Antecedent stimuli: The stimuli that occur immediately before a behavior, which can affect the likelihood of the behavior occurring.
Discriminative stimuli: The stimuli that indicate whether or not a particular behavior will be reinforced or punished.
Extinction: A type of learning that occurs when behavior that was previously reinforced is no longer reinforced, leading to a decrease in the frequency of the behavior.
Generalization: The tendency to respond to similar stimuli in the same way as the original stimulus.
Habituation: The process of becoming less responsive to a repeated stimulus over time.
Imprinting: A type of learning that occurs during a critical period when animals form attachments to objects or other animals.
Insight learning: A type of learning that occurs suddenly when a solution to a problem becomes apparent.
Latent learning: Learning that occurs without any immediate behavioral change, but that can later influence behavior.
Observational learning: A type of learning that occurs when a person observes the behavior of others and then imitates that behavior.
Positive reinforcement: A type of operant conditioning where a behavior is strengthened by encouraging stimuli, such as praise or reward.
Negative reinforcement: A type of operant conditioning where a behavior is strengthened by the removal of an unpleasant or aversive stimulus.
Punishment: A type of operant conditioning where a behavior is weakened or suppressed by the application of an unpleasant or aversive stimulus.
Reinforcement schedule: The pattern and frequency of reinforcement that affects the strength and persistence of a behavior.
Shaping: A technique used in operant conditioning to gradually build up a complex behavior by rewarding the approximate steps towards the final behavior.
Social learning theory: A theory that emphasizes the importance of observing and modeling the behavior of others in the learning process.
Spontaneous recovery: The reemergence of a previously extinguished behavior after a period of time has passed.
"Stimulus (psychology), a concept in behaviorism and perception."
"Stimulus (economics)."
"For government spending as stimulus, see Fiscal policy."
"For an increase in money designed to speed growth, see Monetary policy."
"The input to an input/output system, especially in computers."
"Stimulation."
"Something external that influences an activity."
"A concept in behaviorism and perception."
"Something that is used to boost economic growth or activity."
"For government spending as stimulus, see Fiscal policy."
"For an increase in money designed to speed growth."
"The input to an input/output system, especially in computers."
"Something external that influences an activity."
"A concept in behaviorism and perception."
"A concept related to boosting economic growth or activity."
"For government spending as stimulus, see Fiscal policy."
"For an increase in money designed to speed growth."
"The input to an input/output system, especially in computers."
"Something external that influences an activity."