Adding an aversive stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring again in the future.
Operant Conditioning: A type of learning process in which behavior is influenced by consequences, either rewards or punishments.
Reinforcement: The use of positive or negative consequences to strengthen or weaken behavior.
Positive Punishment: The use of an unpleasant stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring again.
Negative Punishment: The removal of a desirable stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring again.
Punishment Intensity: The level of severity of the punishment administered.
Punishment Timing: The timing of the punishment in relation to the behavior being punished.
Punishment Consistency: The regularity of administering punishment as a consequence of a certain behavior.
Punishment Effectiveness: The degree of effectiveness of punishment in reducing the likelihood of a behavior occurring again.
Punishment Ethics: The ethical considerations in the use of punishment, including potential harm to the individual and the potential impact on their mental or physical health.
Punishment Alternatives: Creative and non-punitive strategies that can be used as alternatives to punishment.
Presentation punishment: When an individual confronts an unpleasant stimulus as a result of their behavior. For instance, withholding dinner when children do not eat their veggies.
Reprimand punishment: When an individual is publicly criticized and scolded for their actions. For instance, a teacher embarrassing a student in front of the class for not completing an assignment.
Overcorrection punishment: When an individual is asked to perform the opposite behavior to counter the already performed behavior. For instance, a person is forced to write lines multiple times after drawing on a wall.
Contingent exercise punishment: When an individual is required to perform a physical activity as a consequence of the unwanted behavior. For instance, doing push-ups for talking back to a teacher.
Timeout punishment: When an individual is removed from an enjoyable situation, and no contact is allowed before the punishment ends. For instance, a child is sent to the corner for misbehaving.
Response cost punishment: When something positive is removed following the unwanted behavior. For example, taking away stickers given to the children for interrupting the class.