- "Extinction is a behavioral phenomenon observed in both operantly conditioned and classically conditioned behavior, which manifests itself by fading of non-reinforced conditioned response over time."
The gradual disappearance of a learned behavior that occurs when the previously associated stimulus is no longer presented.
Classical conditioning: This topic covers the basic principles of classical conditioning, including Pavlov's dog experiment, stimulus-response associations, and extinction of conditioned responses.
Operant conditioning: This topic covers the basic principles of operant conditioning, including reinforcement, punishment, shaping, and schedules of reinforcement.
Extinction: This topic covers the basic principles of extinction, including the process of unlearning, the role of timing, and the different types of extinction.
Renewal: This topic covers the phenomenon of renewal in extinction, where an extinguished behavior can reappear when the individual returns to the original context.
Spontaneous recovery: This topic covers the phenomenon of spontaneous recovery, where an extinguished behavior can temporarily reappear after a period of rest.
Reacquisition: This topic covers the process of relearning behavior that was previously extinguished.
Discrimination learning: This topic covers the process of learning to respond differently to different stimuli or situations.
Generalization: This topic covers the process of responding to similar stimuli or situations in the same way.
Conditioned emotional responses: This topic covers the association between emotions and conditioned stimuli, including fear conditioning.
Counterconditioning: This topic covers the process of using conditioning to change the emotional response to a stimulus or situation.
Systematic desensitization: This topic covers a specific type of counterconditioning used to treat phobias and anxiety disorders.
Aversive conditioning: This topic covers the use of conditioning to create a negative association with a particular behavior or stimulus.
Modeling: This topic covers the process of learning through observation and imitation of others' behavior.
Social facilitation: This topic covers the effect of the presence of others on behavior and learning.
Self-efficacy: This topic covers the belief in one's ability to perform a specific task or behavior.
Reinforcement schedules: This topic covers the different types of reinforcement schedules, including fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, and variable interval.
Punishment: This topic covers the use of punishment as a way to decrease the frequency or likelihood of a behavior.
Positive reinforcement: This topic covers the process of using rewards or positive consequences to increase the frequency or likelihood of a behavior.
Negative reinforcement: This topic covers the process of removing aversive stimuli to increase the frequency or likelihood of a behavior.
Extinction burst: This topic covers the immediate increase in behavior that can occur when a previously reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced.
Classical extinction: This occurs when a conditioned response (CR) gradually disappears when the conditioned stimulus (CS) is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) that originally produced the CR.
Operant extinction: This occurs when a behavior that was previously reinforced and therefore maintained, gradually decreases when reinforcement is stopped.
Spontaneous extinction: This occurs when a CR is extinguished, but can sometimes reappear after a brief period of time without any further conditioning.
Differential extinction: This occurs when one behavior is extinguished while another related behavior continues to be reinforced.
Response blocking: This technique involves preventing the conditioned response from occurring by blocking the physical response.
Extinction burst: This refers to a temporary increase in the frequency or intensity of a behavior when an attempt is made to extinguish it.
Rapid extinction: This refers to a particularly fast rate of extinction, often seen in cases where a CR was established in only one or two trials.
Reinstatement: This refers to the sudden reappearance of an extinguished response after exposure to the UCS.
Renewal: This occurs when a previously extinct CR reappears when the CS is presented in a previously unfamiliar environment.
Spontaneous recovery: This involves the sudden reappearance of an extinguished response without any apparent stimulus or conditioning.
- "Extinction is a behavioral phenomenon observed in both operantly conditioned and classically conditioned behavior."
- "When operant behavior that has been previously reinforced no longer produces reinforcing consequences, the behavior gradually stops occurring."
- "In classical conditioning, when a conditioned stimulus is presented alone, so that it no longer predicts the coming of the unconditioned stimulus, conditioned responding gradually stops."
- "For example, after Pavlov's dog was conditioned to salivate at the sound of a metronome, it eventually stopped salivating to the metronome after the metronome had been sounded repeatedly but no food came."
- "Many anxiety disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder are believed to reflect, at least in part, a failure to extinguish conditioned fear."
- No specific quote addresses this question.
- "When operant behavior that has been previously reinforced no longer produces reinforcing consequences, the behavior gradually stops occurring."
- "Extinction is a behavioral phenomenon observed in both operantly conditioned and classically conditioned behavior, which manifests itself by fading of non-reinforced conditioned response over time."
- No specific quote addresses this question.
- "In classical conditioning, when a conditioned stimulus is presented alone, so that it no longer predicts the coming of the unconditioned stimulus, conditioned responding gradually stops." (This quote explains extinction in classical conditioning; another quote would be needed to compare it to operant conditioning.)
- No specific quote addresses this question.
- "Extinction is a behavioral phenomenon observed in both operantly conditioned and classically conditioned behavior, which manifests itself by fading of non-reinforced conditioned response over time." (While this quote doesn't explicitly state whether extinction is permanent or not, it implies that the fading response is a gradual process.)
- No specific quote addresses this question.
- No specific quote addresses this question.
- "Many anxiety disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder are believed to reflect, at least in part, a failure to extinguish conditioned fear."
- No specific quote addresses this question.
- No specific quote addresses this question.
- No specific quote addresses this question.
- No specific quote addresses this question.