The different methods and tools used to measure radiation, such as Geiger counters and dosimeters.
Radiation basics: This covers the fundamentals of radiation, including types of radiation, sources of radiation, and how radiation interacts with matter.
Nuclear physics: Understanding the science behind nuclear reactions and decay is fundamental to understanding radiation measurement.
Radioactivity: This topic includes the behavior of radioactive materials, decay processes, and decay products.
Radiation units and measurements: This covers the units used to measure radiation, such as Becquerel, Gray, and Sievert, as well as types of measuring instruments such as Geiger counters and dosimeters.
Radiation detection: This includes detecting ionizing radiation using different types of detectors, such as gas-filled detectors, scintillation detectors, and semiconductor detectors.
Radiation shielding: This provides an understanding of how to protect against radiation, including designing effective shielding and understanding the concepts of attenuation and absorption.
Health effects of radiation exposure: This topic covers the biological effects of radiation exposure, including acute and chronic effects, and radiation dose-response relationships.
Radiation safety: This includes the principles of radiation protection, including the concept of ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable), regulations for the safe use of radiation, and emergency response procedures.
Radioactive waste management: This covers the principles of managing radioactive materials, including storage, transportation, and disposal.
Environmental impacts of radiation: This includes the effects of radiation on the environment, ecosystems, and wildlife, and the planning and assessment of radiation protection for environmental purposes.
Geiger Counter: This is an instrument used to detect and measure ionizing radiation, and it works by using a gas-filled detector to ionize atoms when radiation passes through it. The resulting electrical signals are then amplified, which produces an audible click or beep.
Scintillation Detector: This detector uses a crystal that emits light when struck by radiation to detect and measure radioactivity. The amount of radiation is then calculated based on the intensity of the light emitted.
Dosimeter: This is an instrument used to measure the cumulative radiation dose received over time, typically used by those who work with radioactive materials.
Film Badge: A variation of the dosimeter, a film badge is a filter paper badge that contains radiation-sensitive film, which is periodically examined to assess the level of radiation exposure.
Ionization Chamber: This is a device used to measure ionizing radiation by detecting the electric current that results when ionizing radiation passes through a gas-filled chamber.
Thermoluminescent Dosimeter: This type of dosimeter measures radiation exposure by using a material that emits light when it's heated up. The amount of light emitted is proportional to the amount of radiation exposure.
Gamma Camera: This is a type of medical imaging equipment that uses gamma rays emitted from a radioactive material to create an image of internal structures.
Spectrometer: This is a device used to analyze the properties of radiation, such as its energy and wavelength.
Ratemeter: This is a portable instrument used to measure the rate at which radioactive particles are being emitted.
Liquid Scintillation Counter: This counter measures the amount of radiation emitted from a sample by using a liquid that emits light when struck by radiation. The resulting light is then counted to determine the amount of radiation in the sample.
Bubble Dosimeter: This is a type of dosimeter that uses a gas-filled chamber to detect and measure ionizing radiation. When the gas is ionized, bubbles are produced that are proportional to the amount of radiation exposure.
Proportional Counter: This is a gas-filled detector that measures ionizing radiation by detecting and counting the number of ion pairs that are produced when radiation passes through the gas.
Beta-Gamma Dosimeter: This dosimeter measures the amount of beta and gamma radiation that a person has been exposed to over time.
Neutron Dosimeter: This dosimeter measures the amount of neutron radiation that a person has been exposed to over time.