"In physics, an effective field theory is a type of approximation, or effective theory, for an underlying physical theory, such as a quantum field theory or a statistical mechanics model."
Describes the use of EFTs to describe the behavior of a system at energy scales below the mass of some heavy particle, for which one can integrate out the heavy degrees of freedom.
Quantum Field Theory: A comprehensive study of the behavior of elementary particles in the framework of special relativity and quantum mechanics.
Renormalization: A mathematical technique used to remove infinities that arise while calculating physical observables in quantum field theory.
Group Theory: A branch of mathematics that deals with the properties of groups and their representations, used extensively in particle physics.
the Standard Model of Particle Physics: The current best theory of particle physics that explains the behavior of the fundamental particles and their interactions.
Effective Field Theory: A powerful approach that simplifies quantum field theories by integrating out high energy degrees of freedom to construct a low-energy theory.
Symmetry Breaking: A phenomenon in which systems that exhibit symmetries at high-energy scales lose these symmetries at low energy scales.
Non-perturbative Methods: Methods that can be used to analyze quantum field theories when they cannot be solved using perturbation theory.
Gauge Theories: A class of quantum field theories that describe the fundamental forces, such as the strong, weak, and electromagnetic forces.
Beyond the Standard Model Physics: A collection of theoretical ideas that explore the limitations of the standard model of particle physics and seek to explain phenomena that it cannot predict.
Anomalies: A breakdown of symmetries in a quantum field theory due to quantum effects, often used to study the chiral anomalies in the standard model.
Effective Potentials: A method for analyzing the influence of high-energy fields on the low-energy behavior of a quantum field theory, typically used in perturbative expansions.
Quantum Chromodynamics: A gauge theory describing the strong interactions between quarks and gluons, a theory that is part of the standard model.
Supersymmetry: A theoretical framework that posits a relationship between fermions and bosons, used to explore beyond the standard model physics.
AdS/CFT Correspondence: An idea in theoretical physics that relates quantum field theories to classical gravity in higher dimensions, useful for studying strongly interacting systems.
Topological Field Theory: A field theory that studies topological properties of quantum field theories, often used in condensed matter physics and string theory.
Chiral perturbation theory: This is an effective field theory that is used to describe the low-energy dynamics of the strong interaction (QCD) when the energy is below the confinement scale.
Heavy quark effective theory: This is an effective field theory that is used to describe the interactions of heavy quarks (such as the top quark or the bottom quark) with QCD.
Non-Relativistic Quantum Chromodynamics: This is an effective field theory that is used to describe the interactions of heavy quarks and gluons in systems where the energy is much smaller than the mass of the heavy quark.
Soft-Collinear Effective Theory: This is an effective field theory that is used to describe the interactions of particles that move at high speeds (large momentum) and low energy.
Standard Model Effective Theory: This is the effective field theory that describes the low-energy limit of the standard model of particle physics. It is used to study the properties and interactions of the Higgs boson, as well as deviations from the standard model predictions.
Scalar Effective Theory: This is an effective field theory that is used to describe the interactions of scalar fields, such as the Higgs boson or dark matter candidates.
Effective Field Theory of Inflation: This is an effective field theory that is used to describe the dynamics of the early universe during the inflationary epoch.
"An effective field theory includes the appropriate degrees of freedom to describe physical phenomena occurring at a chosen length scale or energy scale."
"An effective field theory [...] ignores substructure and degrees of freedom at shorter distances (or, equivalently, at higher energies)."
"Intuitively, one averages over the behavior of the underlying theory at shorter length scales to derive what is hoped to be a simplified model at longer length scales."
"Effective field theories typically work best when there is a large separation between the length scale of interest and the length scale of the underlying dynamics."
"Effective field theories have found use in particle physics, statistical mechanics, condensed matter physics, general relativity, and hydrodynamics."
"They simplify calculations [...]."
"They allow treatment of dissipation and radiation effects."
"An effective field theory is a type of approximation [...], for an underlying physical theory [...]."
"An effective field theory includes the appropriate degrees of freedom to describe physical phenomena occurring at a chosen length scale or energy scale."
"An effective field theory [...] ignores substructure and degrees of freedom at shorter distances (or, equivalently, at higher energies)."
"One averages over the behavior of the underlying theory at shorter length scales to derive what is hoped to be a simplified model at longer length scales."
"Effective field theories typically work best when there is a large separation between length scale of interest and the length scale of the underlying dynamics."
"Effective field theories have found use in particle physics, statistical mechanics, condensed matter physics, general relativity, and hydrodynamics."
"They simplify calculations [...]."
"They allow treatment of dissipation and radiation effects."
"In physics, an effective field theory is a type of approximation, or effective theory, for an underlying physical theory, such as a quantum field theory or a statistical mechanics model."
"An effective field theory includes the appropriate degrees of freedom to describe physical phenomena occurring at a chosen length scale or energy scale."
"An effective field theory [...] ignores substructure and degrees of freedom at shorter distances (or, equivalently, at higher energies)."
"Intuitively, one averages over the behavior of the underlying theory at shorter length scales to derive what is hoped to be a simplified model at longer length scales."