"In physics, physical optics, or wave optics, is the branch of optics that studies interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena for which the ray approximation of geometric optics is not valid."
Study of light as waves and their interaction with optical materials and systems.
"...studies interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena..."
"...interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena..."
"...the ray approximation of geometric optics is not valid."
"This usage tends not to include effects such as quantum noise in optical communication..."
"...which is studied in the sub-branch of coherence theory."
"The branch of optics that studies interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena..."
"...studies interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena..."
"...wave optics..."
"...interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena..."
"Physical optics, or wave optics..."
"Effects such as quantum noise in optical communication..."
"...effects such as quantum noise in optical communication..."
"...the sub-branch of coherence theory."
"...the ray approximation of geometric optics is not valid."
"...studies interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena..."
"...interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena..."
"...interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena..."
"Effects such as quantum noise in optical communication..."
"The branch of optics that studies interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena..."