Quote: "In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) consists of waves of the electromagnetic (EM) field, which propagate through space and carry momentum and electromagnetic radiant energy."
Introduction to electromagnetic waves, wave properties, propagation, diffraction, polarization, reflection and refraction, ionosphere propagation, waveguides.
Quote: "Types of EMR include radio waves, microwaves, infrared, (visible) light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays, all of which are part of the electromagnetic spectrum."
Quote: "Electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light, commonly denoted c."
Quote: "Electromagnetic waves consist of synchronized oscillations of electric and magnetic fields."
Quote: "The position of an electromagnetic wave within the electromagnetic spectrum can be characterized by either its frequency of oscillation or its wavelength."
Quote: "Electromagnetic waves of different frequency are called by different names since they have different sources and effects on matter."
Quote: "Electromagnetic waves are emitted by electrically charged particles undergoing acceleration."
Quote: "EM waves carry energy, momentum, and angular momentum away from their source particle and can impart those quantities to matter with which they interact."
Quote: "EMR is sometimes referred to as the far field. In this language, the near field refers to EM fields near the charges and current that directly produced them."
Quote: "EMR consists of photons, uncharged elementary particles with zero rest mass which are the quanta of the electromagnetic field, responsible for all electromagnetic interactions."
Quote: "Quantum electrodynamics is the theory of how EMR interacts with matter on an atomic level."
Quote: "Quantum effects provide additional sources of EMR, such as the transition of electrons to lower energy levels in an atom and black-body radiation."
Quote: "The energy of an individual photon is quantized and is greater for photons of higher frequency."
Quote: "This relationship is given by Planck's equation E = hf, where E is the energy per photon, f is the frequency of the photon, and h is Planck's constant."
Quote: "EMR of visible or lower frequencies... is called non-ionizing radiation, because its photons do not individually have enough energy to ionize atoms or molecules, or break chemical bonds."
Quote: "The effects of these radiations on chemical systems and living tissue are caused primarily by heating effects from the combined energy transfer of many photons."
Quote: "High frequency ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays are called ionizing radiation since individual photons of such high frequency have enough energy to ionize molecules or break chemical bonds."
Quote: "These radiations have the ability to cause chemical reactions and damage living cells beyond that resulting from simple heating."
Quote: "The effects of EMR upon chemical compounds and biological organisms depend both upon the radiation's power and its frequency."
Quote: "These radiations can be a health hazard."