"Theorizing about the evolutionary origin and possible purpose of emotion dates back to Charles Darwin."
Study of the nature and function of emotions in human experience.
Definition of emotion: A basic understanding of what constitutes an emotion and how it differs from feelings, moods, and other psychological states.
Cognitive appraisals: The role of cognitive appraisals, or evaluations of a situation, in eliciting emotions.
Physiological responses: The physiological mechanisms underlying the experience of emotion, such as changes in heart rate, breathing rate, and hormone levels.
Subjective experience: The experiential aspects of emotion, including its phenomenology, or subjective experience.
Cultural and social influences: The role of culture and social context in shaping emotional experience and expression, and the influence of social norms, values, and expectations on emotional behavior.
Emotion regulation: The psychological processes and strategies used to manage or modify one's emotional experience and behavior.
Emotional intelligence: The ability to recognize, understand, and manage one's own emotions, as well as the emotions of others.
Developmental perspectives: How emotions develop over the lifespan, including how they are expressed and regulated in childhood and adolescence.
Clinical issues: The role of emotion in psychopathology, including disorders such as anxiety, depression, and borderline personality disorder.
Evolutionary perspectives: The adaptive functions and evolutionary origins of emotions, and how they have evolved over time.
Positive emotions: The study of positive emotions, including joy, gratitude, and awe, and their role in well-being and flourishing.
Affective neuroscience: The neural mechanisms underlying emotion perception, emotion regulation, and emotional experience.
Interpersonal and group dynamics: The role of emotion in social interactions, including how emotions are transmitted between individuals and their effects on group dynamics.
Emotion and decision-making: The ways in which emotions influence decision-making, including how they can affect our cognition and reasoning.
Aesthetics and art: The role of emotion in aesthetic experiences, including the ways in which art can elicit and express emotions.
Joy: A feeling of pleasure and happiness.
Sadness: A feeling of sorrow, grief, or disappointment.
Anger: A feeling of rage or hostility towards something or someone.
Fear: A feeling of apprehension or anxiety in anticipation of danger or harm.
Guilt: A feeling of remorse, shame, or responsibility for wrongdoing.
Shame: A feeling of embarrassment or humiliation due to social status or perceived failure.
Disgust: A feeling of revulsion or aversion towards something unpleasant or offensive.
Surprise: A feeling of sudden astonishment or unexpectedness.
Love: A feeling of deep affection, care, and attraction towards something or someone.
Envy: A feeling of jealousy or longing for something or someone that someone else possesses.
Hope: A feeling of optimism or expectation for a positive outcome or future.
Excitement: A feeling of enthusiasm or eagerness towards something anticipated.
Frustration: A feeling of dissatisfaction or annoyance when something does not go as planned.
Contentment: A feeling of satisfaction or happiness with present circumstances.
Despair: A feeling of hopelessness or utter sadness.
Empathy: A feeling of sharing or understanding another person's emotions.
Empowerment: A feeling of strength, confidence, and independence.
Melancholy: A feeling of deep sadness or prolonged depression.
Nostalgia: A feeling of affection or longing for the past.
Regret: A feeling of disappointment or remorse over past choices or actions.
"Research on emotion has increased over the past two decades, with many fields contributing, including psychology, medicine, history, sociology of emotions, and computer science."
"There is no scientific consensus on a definition."
"Emotions are complex, involving multiple different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior."
"At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instrumental behavior, psychophysiologists with physiological changes, and so on."
"In psychology and philosophy, emotion typically includes a subjective, conscious experience characterized primarily by psychophysiological expressions, biological reactions, and mental states."
"Peggy Thoits described emotions as involving physiological components, cultural or emotional labels (anger, surprise, etc.), expressive body actions, and the appraisal of situations and contexts."
"Cognitive processes, like reasoning and decision-making, are often regarded as separate from emotional processes, making a division between 'thinking' and 'feeling'. However, not all theories of emotion regard this separation as valid."
"Nowadays, most research into emotions in the clinical and well-being context focuses on emotion dynamics in daily life, predominantly the intensity of specific emotions and their variability, instability, inertia, and differentiation."
"Using tools like PET and fMRI scans to study the affective picture processes in the brain."
"Theorizing about the evolutionary origin and possible purpose of emotion dates back to Charles Darwin."
"The numerous attempts to explain the origin, function, and other aspects of emotions have fostered intense research on this topic."
"...psychology, medicine, history, sociology of emotions, and computer science."
"...the intensity of specific emotions and their variability, instability, inertia, and differentiation..."
"Emotions are often intertwined with mood, temperament, personality, disposition, or creativity."
"A similar multi-componential description of emotion is found in sociology."
"...subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior."
"...whether and how emotions augment or blunt each other over time and differences in these dynamics between people and along the lifespan."
"Research on emotion has increased over the past two decades..."
"Research on emotion has increased over the past two decades, with many fields contributing, including... computer science. The numerous attempts to explain the origin, function, and other aspects of emotions have fostered intense research on this topic."