"The contemporary national legal systems are generally based on one of four basic systems: civil law, common law, customary law, religious law or combinations of these."
A look at some of the fundamental legal concepts that underpin the law, such as jurisdiction, liability, and due process.
Sources of Law: The different sources from which the law has emerged, such as constitutions, statutes, and case law.
Legal Vocabulary: The terminology used in the legal field, including the meaning of legal terms and phrases.
Jurisdiction: The authority vested in courts to hear and determine legal disputes.
Contract Law: The principles that govern agreements between parties and the legal remedies available in the case of breach of contract.
Tort Law: The principles that govern civil wrongs committed against individuals.
Criminal Law: The principles that regulate conduct that is considered a crime against society.
Constitutional Law: The principles that govern the relationship between the government and the people, as defined by the constitution.
Property Law: The principles that govern the ownership, use, and possession of real and personal property.
Administrative Law: The principles that govern the activities of governmental and regulatory bodies.
Civil Procedure: The rules that govern civil litigation, including pre-trial procedures, trial procedures, and appeal procedures.
Criminal Procedure: The principles that provide the accused with due process of law, including arrest, indictment, trial, and appeal procedures.
Ethics and Professional Responsibility: The principles of ethical behavior and professional conduct that govern the legal profession.
International Law: The principles that govern relations between nations and international organizations.
Family Law: The principles that govern the legal rights and obligations of family members.
Alternative Dispute Resolution: The methods of resolving legal disputes outside of the traditional court system, such as through mediation or arbitration.
Rights: Claims or entitlements that individuals legally possess.
Duties: Legal obligations that individuals or entities are expected to fulfill.
Liability: The obligation to compensate someone for losses or damages caused by the actions of an individual or entity.
Crimes: Acts that violate the law and are punishable by the government.
Torts: Civil wrongs that cause harm or injury to another person or property and give rise to legal liability.
Contracts: Legally binding agreements between two or more parties.
Property: Legal ownership of assets, including real property (land and buildings), personal property (items like cars and jewelry), and intangible property (such as patents and copyrights).
Agency: The legal relationship between a principal and an agent, where the agent acts on behalf of the principal.
Equity: A branch of law that involves fair and impartial distribution of justice and restitution.
Trusts: Legal arrangements in which assets are held by a trustee in the interest of a beneficiary.
Civil procedure: The set of rules and processes followed in civil lawsuits.
Criminal procedure: The set of rules and processes followed in criminal cases.
Constitutional law: The principles and rules that define the structure and powers of government.
Administrative law: The laws that govern the activities of administrative agencies.
International law: The set of rules and standards that govern relations between states.
Tax law: The laws and regulations that govern taxation.
Bankruptcy law: The laws and procedures that govern bankruptcy proceedings.
Family law: The laws and rules governing marriage, divorce, child custody, and related issues.
Labor law: The laws and regulations governing the relationship between employers, employees, and labor unions.
Environmental law: The laws and regulations governing environmental protection and preservation.
"The legal system of each country is shaped by its unique history and so incorporates individual variations."
"The science that studies law at the level of legal systems is called comparative law."
"Civil law because it is the most widespread by landmass and by population overall."
"Common law because it is employed by the greatest number of people compared to any single civil law system."