"Environmental science is an interdisciplinary academic field that integrates physics, biology, and geography (including ecology, chemistry, plant science, zoology, mineralogy, oceanography, limnology, soil science, geology and physical geography, and atmospheric science) to the study of the environment and the solution of environmental problems."
The study of the environment and its processes, interactions, and relationships with living organisms, including humans.
Environmental Ethics: This field of study is concerned with examining the moral and ethical dimensions of environmental issues, and provides a foundation for understanding the importance of environmental law and policy.
Climate Change: This topic involves understanding the causes and consequences of global warming and the need for effective mitigation and adaptation strategies.
Environmental Policy: This field of study is focused on understanding the development and implementation of environmental policies, regulations, and laws.
Ecosystems and Biodiversity: This topic explores the importance of biodiversity and the interactions between different organisms in ecosystems, as well as the threats to biodiversity from human activities.
Pollution: This topic examines the types and sources of pollution, their impacts on human health and the environment, and the policies and regulations designed to address them.
Water Resources: This topic explores the importance of water resources, including surface water and groundwater, and the challenges associated with managing and protecting these resources.
Energy: This topic examines the different sources of energy, their impacts on the environment and human health, and the policies and regulations designed to promote more sustainable energy use.
Waste Management: This topic examines the various approaches to managing waste, including recycling, landfilling, and incineration, and the policies and regulations designed to reduce waste and promote more sustainable waste management practices.
Environmental Justice: This field of study is focused on understanding and addressing the disproportionate impacts of environmental degradation and pollution on low-income and marginalized communities.
Sustainable Development: This topic explores the concept of sustainable development, which seeks to balance economic development with environmental protection and social equity, and the policies and strategies designed to achieve this balance.
International Environmental Law: Deals with agreements and treaties between countries, addressing global environmental issues such as climate change, deforestation, and ocean pollution.
Environmental Policy Law: Addresses the development of legislation, regulations, and policies that aim to protect the environment.
Environmental Health Law: Focuses on the impact of the environment on human health and safety, such as air and water pollution, hazardous waste disposal, and food safety regulations.
Land Use Law: Addresses the management and regulation of public and private lands, including zoning regulations and conservation efforts.
Sustainable Development Law: Promotes economic development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Environmental Justice Law: Addresses the disproportionate impacts of environmental hazards on disadvantaged communities, ensuring that these communities have equal access to environmental protection and enforcement.
Energy Law: Addresses the legal framework for energy production and consumption, including renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power.
Biodiversity Law: Deals with the protection and conservation of biodiversity, including endangered species and their habitats.
Green Business Law: Addresses the role of businesses in promoting sustainable practices and reducing environmental impacts.
Water Law: Addresses the management and regulation of water resources, including access, allocation, and conservation efforts.
"Environmental science emerged from the fields of natural history and medicine during the Enlightenment."
"Today it provides an integrated, quantitative, and interdisciplinary approach to the study of environmental systems."
"Environmental studies incorporates more of the social sciences for understanding human relationships, perceptions, and policies towards the environment."
"Environmental engineering focuses on design and technology for improving environmental quality in every aspect."
"Environmental scientists seek to understand the earth's physical, chemical, biological, and geological processes."
"Environmental scientists study issues such as alternative energy systems, pollution control and mitigation, natural resource management, and the effects of global warming and climate change."
"Environmental issues almost always include an interaction of physical, chemical, and biological processes."
"Environmental scientists bring a systems approach to the analysis of environmental problems."
"Key elements of an effective environmental scientist include the ability to relate space and time relationships as well as quantitative analysis."
"Environmental science came alive as a substantive, active field of scientific investigation in the 1960s and 1970s."
"The development of environmental science was driven by the need for a multi-disciplinary approach, the arrival of substantive environmental laws, and growing public awareness of a need for action."
"Events that spurred this development included the publication of Rachel Carson's landmark environmental book Silent Spring along with major environmental issues becoming very public, such as the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill and the Cuyahoga River of Cleveland, Ohio, 'catching fire'."
"The publication of Rachel Carson's landmark environmental book Silent Spring...helped increase the visibility of environmental issues and create this new field of study."
"Major environmental issues becoming very public, such as the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill and the Cuyahoga River of Cleveland, Ohio, 'catching fire'."
"Environmental science integrates physics, biology, and geography...to the study of the environment and the solution of environmental problems."
"Environmental studies incorporate more of the social sciences for understanding human relationships, perceptions, and policies towards the environment."
"Environmental engineering focuses on design and technology for improving environmental quality in every aspect."
"Environmental issues almost always include an interaction of physical, chemical, and biological processes."
"The growing public awareness of a need for action in addressing environmental problems."