"Administrative law is a division of law governing the activities of executive branch agencies of government."
Covers the structure and governance of administrative agencies, including the appointment and removal of agency officials, the power of agency officials, and the role of the agency in the broader governmental structure.
Principles of Administrative Law: General principles of administrative law, including constitutional and legal aspects, concepts such as rulemaking, adjudication, enforcement and policymaking.
Agency Formation and Powers: The process of creating an agency, its legal foundation, and the powers it possesses, including the delegation of authority from Congress, executive orders, and other means.
Jurisdiction and Authority: An overview of the different types of authority that federal and state agencies may wield and their legal jurisdiction, including the authority to regulate commerce, taxation, and public health.
Administrative Procedure Act: The legislative framework that governs agency actions, including the rulemaking process, the role of public participation and the requirement for extensive notice and comment periods.
Rulemaking and Regulatory Policy: The steps involved in the rulemaking process, including scoping, cost-benefit analysis, and impact assessment, along with key factors influencing regulatory policy, such as deregulation, preemption, and state laws.
Adjudication and Appeals: Agency decision-making procedures, including formal proceedings with hearings, evidence, and rule-making, as well as administrative review, appeals, and other forms of judicial review.
Federalism and Delegation: How federal administrative agencies relate to state and local governments, including the balance of power between federal and state jurisdictions, preemption, and delegation of authority.
Accountability and Transparency: Achieving accountability, transparency and effectiveness in agency governance through agency and executive oversight, public involvement in agency decisions, and the use of metrics, performance measurements and evaluations.
Ethics and Conflict of Interest: The legal and ethical duty of administrative officials, including avoiding conflicts of interest, transparency and disclosure, and accountability for breaches.
Acquiring and Managing Resources: The necessary and most efficient allocation of resources, including the acquisition of informational , financial and human resources, as well as their management, systems, and compliance.
Inspections and Enforcement: The authority of regulatory agencies to investigate, assess penalties, file complaints, and prosecute cases, including powers of non-judicial sanctions and other forms of enforcement.
International Administrative Law: The rules that govern the world's cross-border organizations, multilateral processes to achieve global environmental protection and security, and other transnational issues.
Independent Agencies: These are organizations that have been created by Congress to carry out specific functions. They are not part of any executive department and are free from political interference. Examples of independent agencies are the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC).
Executive Agencies: These are organizations that are part of the executive branch of the government and are subject to the President’s authority. Examples of executive agencies are the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Department of Agriculture (DoA).
Regulatory Commissions: These are organizations that have been granted the power to regulate specific industries or economic sectors, such as transportation or energy. Examples of regulatory commissions are the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB).
Government Corporations: These are organizations that have been created by Congress to provide important services that the private sector cannot provide on its own. Examples of government corporations are the United States Postal Service (USPS) and Amtrak.
Quasi-Government Agencies: These are organizations that are partially funded by the government and partially by private sources. Examples of quasi-government agencies are the American Red Cross and the National Academy of Sciences.
Boards and Commissions: These are organizations that oversee specific areas of government policy or operations. Examples of boards and commissions are the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) and the Social Security Advisory Board.
"Administrative law includes executive branch rule-making, adjudication, and the enforcement of laws."
"Administrative law is considered a branch of public law."
"Administrative law deals with the decision-making of administrative units of government in areas such as international trade, manufacturing, the environment, taxation, broadcasting, immigration, and transport."
"Legislative bodies worldwide created more government agencies to regulate the social, economic, and political spheres of human interaction."
"Civil law countries often have specialized administrative courts that review administrative decisions."
"Administrative law, in many countries of the civil law tradition, has opened itself to the influence of rules posed by supranational legal orders."
"It has led to changes in some traditional concepts of the administrative law model."
"Changes have happened with the public procurements or with judicial control of administrative activity."
"Administrative law has built a supranational or international public administration, as in the environmental sector or with reference to education."
"In the United Nations' system, administrative structure devoted to coordinating the States' activity has increased, particularly in the environmental sector or with reference to education."
"Executive branch rule-making, adjudication, and the enforcement of laws."
"Administrative units of government are part of the executive branch."
"Executive branch rules are generally referred to as 'regulations.'"
"Specialized administrative courts review administrative decisions."
"Administrative law deals with decision-making in international trade."
"Administrative law deals with decision-making in manufacturing."
"Administrative law deals with decision-making in the environment."
"Administrative law deals with decision-making in taxation."
"Administrative law deals with decision-making in immigration."