Quote: "Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text."
The practical aspect of translation, which involves the actual process of translating texts from one language to another.
Translation theory: This includes the different approaches and models to translation, such as the linguistic approach, cultural approach, functionalist approach, etc.
Translation history: This includes the evolution of translation practice from ancient times up to modern-day practices.
Translation ethics: This covers the ethical and moral considerations that come with translation practice, such as respecting the author's intent, avoiding bias, etc.
Translation technology: This covers the use of technology in translation practice, such as machine translation, translation memory, etc.
Localization: This covers the process of adapting content for a specific local market, such as taking into account cultural nuances and language differences.
Terminology management: This covers the process of managing terminology in translation practice, such as creating and maintaining glossaries and terminology databases.
Interpretation: This covers the process of translating spoken language in real-time, such as during conferences, meetings, etc.
Subtitling and dubbing: This covers the process of translating audiovisual content, such as movies and TV shows, using subtitling or dubbing methods.
Proofreading and editing: This covers the process of reviewing and making corrections to translated content, ensuring accuracy and quality.
Project management: This covers the process of managing translation projects, such as setting timelines, overseeing budgets, and coordinating team members.
Specialized translation: This covers the translation of highly-specialized content, such as legal or medical documents, which require a high level of knowledge and expertise.
Comparative literature: This covers the study of literature across different languages, cultures, and literary traditions, and its implications for translation practice.
Corpus linguistics: This covers the study of language as seen through corpora or data sets of authentic language use, and its implications for translation practice.
Intercultural communication: This covers the study of communication between people of different cultures, and its implications for translation practice.
Discourse analysis: This covers the study of how discourse is constructed and used in different contexts, and its implications for translation practice.
Literary Translation: It involves translating literary texts like novels, dramas, and poetry.
Technical and Scientific Translation: It involves translating technical texts such as engineering documents, scientific journals, software manuals, medical texts, and research studies.
Legal Translation: It involves translating legal documents such as contracts, treaties, agreements, and court orders.
Financial Translation: It involves translating financial documents such as balance sheets, income statements, investment reports, and bank statements.
Localization Translation: It involves translating software, websites, video games, and mobile applications to make them suitable for a particular target audience.
Audiovisual Translation: It involves subtitling, dubbing, and voice-over of audiovisual media works such as movies, TV shows, and advertisements.
Machine Translation: It involves the use of computer programs to translate content between different languages.
Interpreting: It involves interpreting spoken languages in meetings, conferences, courtrooms, and other real-Time settings.
Diplomatic Translation: It involves translating diplomatic documents like treaties, memoranda of understanding, and diplomacy notes.
Medical Translation: It involves translating complex medical information and materials such as patient records, scientific publications, and product leaflets.
Quote: "The English language draws a terminological distinction between translating (a written text) and interpreting (oral or signed communication between users of different languages)."
Quote: "which does not exist in every language"
Quote: "translation can begin only after the appearance of writing within a language community."
Quote: "A translator always risks inadvertently introducing source-language words, grammar, or syntax into the target-language rendering."
Quote: "such 'spill-overs' have sometimes imported useful source-language calques and loanwords that have enriched target languages."
Quote: "Translators, including early translators of sacred texts, have helped shape the very languages into which they have translated."
Quote: "since the 1940s efforts have been made, with varying degrees of success, to automate translation or to mechanically aid the human translator."
Quote: "the rise of the Internet has fostered a world-wide market for translation services and has facilitated 'language localisation'."
Quote: "A translator always risks inadvertently introducing source-language words, grammar, or syntax into the target-language rendering."
Quote: "Translators, including early translators of sacred texts, have helped shape the very languages into which they have translated."
Quote: "A translator always risks inadvertently introducing source-language words, grammar, or syntax into the target-language rendering."
Quote: "such 'spill-overs' have sometimes imported useful source-language calques and loanwords that have enriched target languages."
Quote: "since the 1940s efforts have been made, with varying degrees of success, to automate translation or to mechanically aid the human translator."
Quote: "the rise of the Internet has fostered a world-wide market for translation services and has facilitated 'language localisation'."
Quote: "interpreting (oral or signed communication between users of different languages)"
Quote: "The English language draws a terminological distinction between translating (a written text) and interpreting (oral or signed communication between users of different languages)."
Quote: "A translator always risks inadvertently introducing source-language words, grammar, or syntax into the target-language rendering."
Quote: "since the 1940s efforts have been made, with varying degrees of success, to automate translation or to mechanically aid the human translator."
Quote: "the rise of the Internet has fostered a world-wide market for translation services and has facilitated 'language localisation'."