"In linguistics, morphology is the study of words, how they are formed, and their relationship to other words in the same language."
Studying the structure of words in the dead language, including prefixes, suffixes, and roots.
Inflection: The changes in word forms that indicate the grammatical function or category of a word within a sentence.
Derivation: The process of forming new words from existing ones by adding affixes or other morphological elements.
Morphemes: The smallest units of meaning in a language, including prefixes, suffixes, and roots.
Lexicon: The complete inventory of words in a language, including their meanings, forms, and relations to other words.
Syntax: The rules governing the arrangement of words in a sentence to form meaningful expressions.
Word classes: The categories of words in a language, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.
Historical linguistics: The study of how languages change over time, including the evolution of morphology.
Etymology: The study of the origins and history of words, including their morphological and semantic development.
Phonology: The study of the sound patterns of language, including how morphological changes affect pronunciation.
Sociolinguistics: The study of how language varies across different social and cultural contexts, including how morphological features may be used for social purposes.
Inflectional Morphology: It is the grammar applied to modify the words to show their grammatical functions, like tense, gender, number, or voice. It consists of different sets of affixes that can change the meaning of a word as per its place in a sentence.
Derivational Morphology: It comprises a set of affixes that can add new meanings or change the category of a word. It can create new words from an already existing word.
Agglutinative Morphology: This type of morphology involves the combination of multiple morphemes to create a word. The affixes of agglutinative languages are usually added on the ends of words to build words.
Fusional Morphology: It is a type of morphology where multiple grammatical features are combined into one form of a word, which often results in a complex inflection marking system.
Polysynthetic Morphology: It involves the use of long words that contain several morphemes (affixes and roots) with each morpheme carrying some meaning. It allows the combination of lots of morphemes together to display a full sentence's meaning in one word.
Analytic Morphology: In this type of morphology, there are no affixes or changes to the word to show its functions, but instead, a combination of independent words is used to create meaning.
Isolating Morphology: This is a morphology process that uses single words with no morphemes, where each word carries its unique meaning, and there are no prefixes or suffixes used to form new words.
Synthetic Morphology: It involves building composite words with two or more morphemes, commonly through a fusion of affixes and base forms.
"It analyzes the structure of words and parts of words such as stems, root words, prefixes, and suffixes."
"Morphology differs from morphological typology, which is the classification of languages based on their use of words."
"Morphology differs from lexicology, which is the study of words and how they make up a language's vocabulary."
"In most languages, many words can be related to other words by rules that collectively describe the grammar for that language."
"English speakers recognize that the words dog and dogs are closely related, differentiated only by the noun-bound plurality morpheme "-s"."
"Classical Chinese has very little morphology, using almost exclusively unbound morphemes ("free" morphemes) and it relies on word order to convey meaning."
"Most words in modern Standard Chinese ["Mandarin"], however, are compounds and most roots are bound."
"The rules understood by a speaker reflect specific patterns or regularities in the way words are formed from smaller units in the language they are using."
"Morphology is the branch of linguistics that studies patterns of word formation within and across languages and attempts to formulate rules that model the knowledge of the speakers of those languages."
"Studies have indicated that the presence of modification in phonology and orthography makes morphologically complex words harder to understand."
"Morphologically complex words are easier to comprehend when they include a base word."
"Polysynthetic languages, such as Chukchi, have words composed of many morphemes."
"The morphology of such languages allows for each consonant and vowel to be understood as morphemes."
"The grammar of the language indicates the usage and understanding of each morpheme."
"The discipline that deals specifically with the sound changes occurring within morphemes is morphophonology."
"Morphology also looks at parts of speech, intonation and stress, and the ways context can change a word's pronunciation and meaning."
"While words, along with clitics, are generally accepted as being the smallest units of syntax."
"Morphology also looks at [...] the ways context can change a word's pronunciation and meaning."
"Morphology is the branch of linguistics that studies patterns of word formation within and across languages and attempts to formulate rules that model the knowledge of the speakers of those languages."