"Journalistic ethics and standards comprise principles of ethics and good practice applicable to journalists."
The ethical considerations of journalism, including the importance of fairness, accuracy, and impartiality, and the avoidance of conflicts of interest.
Objective Journalism: Covers the basic principles of journalism that adhere to objectivity, including neutrality, accuracy, and impartiality.
Free Press vs. Censorship: Discusses the importance of free press in society, and the debates about whether censorship is ever justified.
Fact-Checking and Verification: Covers the process of verifying information and sources for accuracy and reliability.
Conflict of Interest: Explores the ethical issues surrounding conflicts of interest in journalism and how they can be avoided or managed.
Sensationalism and Yellow Journalism: Discusses the impact of sensationalism and yellow journalism on the credibility of journalism.
Plagiarism and Intellectual Property: Explores the ethical issues surrounding plagiarism and intellectual property in journalism.
Ethical Decision Making: Covers the process of making ethical decisions in journalism, including ethical dilemmas and the different ethical frameworks that can be used.
Bias and Stereotyping: Discusses the importance of avoiding bias and stereotypes in journalism, and the impact they can have on readers and society.
Confidentiality and Anonymous Sources: Explores the ethical issues surrounding confidentiality and anonymous sources in journalism, and the importance of protecting sources.
Privacy and Public Interest: Covers the ethical issues surrounding the balance between privacy and public interest in journalism, such as invasion of privacy and the public's right to know.
Transparency and Accountability: Discusses the importance of transparency and accountability in journalism, including how journalists can increase transparency and hold themselves accountable.
Objective/Impartial Ethics: This type of ethics dictates that journalists must remain unbiased and objective in their reporting, giving equal weight to all sides of an issue.
Transparency Ethics: This type of ethics demands that journalists are honest and open about their sources, methods, and conflicts of interest.
Sensitivity Ethics: This type of ethics requires journalists to be sensitive to the emotional impact of their reporting, especially when dealing with issues of tragedy, death or suffering.
Investigative Ethics: This type of ethics demands that journalists should provide detailed and accurate information, and have a responsibility to report important information even if it's uncomfortable or controversial.
Accountability Ethics: This type of ethics holds journalists responsible for their actions, and they are expected to be held accountable for errors or unethical behavior.
Social Responsibility Ethics: This type of ethics suggests journalism should have a positive impact on society, and journalists should use their platforms to promote the good of everyone.
Privacy Ethics: This type of ethics mandates journalists to maintain the privacy they've been entrusted with, just like they are required for legal reasons.
Professional Ethics: This type of ethics demands that journalists must follow standards and practices adopted by their profession, like the Society of Professional Journalists Code of Ethics.
Public Trust Ethics: This type of ethics holds that journalists must be aware of the vital place they are occupying in developing society that places trust in them, thus they must act responsibly in every report.
Cultural Ethics: This type of ethics requires that journalists should respect the customs, beliefs, histories, and religions of the cultures they report on.
Environmental Ethics: This type of ethics advocates for the coverage of environmental and ecological issues with a fact-based approach, free of bias.
Alternative Media Ethics: This type of ethics mandates that journalists from alternative media should act with the same ethics that mainstream journalists do, even if their publications operate outside the traditional structures of the media industry.
Participatory Ethics: This type of ethics establishes that journalistic practices should be aimed at promoting the participation of the community, which journalists are reporting about, in decision-making processes that affect their lives.
Civic Engagement Ethics: This type of ethics calls for journalists to interact more with communities, acting as advocates for pursuing the public good.
"There are around 400 codes covering journalistic work around the world."
"Most share common elements including the principles of truthfulness, accuracy and fact-based communications, independence, objectivity, impartiality, fairness, respect for others and public accountability."
"Like many broader ethical systems, the ethics of journalism include the principle of 'limitation of harm'."
"This may involve enhanced respect for vulnerable groups and the withholding of certain details from reports...where the release of such information might...harm someone's reputation or put them at undue risk."
...particularly with regard to verbiage."
"Some European codes...include a concern with discriminatory references in news based on race, religion, sexual orientation, and physical or mental disabilities."
"The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe approved (in 1993) Resolution 1003 on the Ethics of Journalism."
"...recommends that journalists respect the presumption of innocence, in particular in cases that are still sub judice."
"The basic codes and canons commonly appear in statements by professional journalism associations and individual print, broadcast, and online news organizations."
"The principles of truthfulness, accuracy and fact-based communications, independence, objectivity, impartiality, fairness, respect for others and public accountability."
"This may involve enhanced respect for vulnerable groups..."
"...the withholding of certain details from reports, such as the names of minor children, crime victims' names, or information not materially related to the news report..."
"...the release of such information might, for example, harm someone's reputation or put them at undue risk."
"...appropriate reporting of suicide and mental health..."
"The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe approved (in 1993) Resolution 1003 on the Ethics of Journalism."
"Journalistic ethics and standards...are principles of ethics and good practice applicable to journalists."
"There are around 400 codes covering journalistic work around the world."
"The ethics of journalism include the principle of 'limitation of harm'."
"Most share common elements including the principles of truthfulness, accuracy and fact-based communications, independence, objectivity, impartiality, fairness, respect for others and public accountability."