According to the text, world literature refers to the total of the world's national literature and the circulation of works beyond their country of origin. Quote: "World literature is used to refer to the total of the world's national literature and the circulation of works into the wider world beyond their country of origin."
Literature provides a unique window into the world of different cultures and societies, it can provide insights into the cultural, social and historical contexts in which it was produced, and it can reveal much about the people and ideas of a particular period.
Literary Genres: Understanding different genres of literature, such as poetry, drama, fiction, and non-fiction, and their characteristics.
Literary Devices: Mastering literary devices, such as metaphor, simile, imagery, symbolism, irony, etc.
Literary Movements: The different periods of literature, such as the Renaissance, Romanticism, Modernism, Postmodernism, which shaped the literary culture of the time.
Literary Theories: The critical approaches used to understand literature, such as feminism, psychoanalysis, Marxism, postcolonialism, and so on.
Literary Analysis: The methods used to analyze literary works, such as close reading, intertextuality, narratology, structuralism, deconstruction, etc.
Literary History: Studying the historical developments that have shaped the evolution of literature in various cultures.
Literary Criticism: Learning how to critically evaluate literary works, taking into account their historical, cultural, and social contexts.
Comparative Literature: Understanding the similarities and differences between different literary works across cultures and languages.
Literary Canon: The concept of the "great works" of literature that have stood the test of time and continue to be widely read and studied.
Literary Translation: Learning the challenges and complexities involved in translating literary works from one language to another.
Literary Adaptation: Studying the different ways in which literary works have been adapted into other forms, such as films, plays, and musicals.
Literary Reception: Understanding how literary works have been received by various audiences, including literary critics, scholars, and ordinary readers.
Literary Culture: The social and cultural contexts in which literary works are produced, circulated, and consumed.
Literary Journalism: The role of journalism in literary culture and the impact of literary journalism on society.
Literary Rights: Understanding the legal and ethical issues surrounding the ownership, publication, and distribution of literary works.
Poetry: Literature in verse form, often using rhythm and often with an emphasis on imagery.
Drama: Literature that is intended to be performed. Drama is often divided into tragedy, comedy, and melodrama.
Prose: Literature that is written in ordinary language and not in verse form.
Non-fiction: Literature that is based on facts, such as biographies, history, or science.
Fiction: Literature that is not based on facts, such as novels, short stories, and plays.
Romance: Literature that focuses on the romantic relationship between two characters.
Mystery: Literature that involves the solving of a crime or the unraveling of a plot.
Science Fiction: Literature that deals with futuristic or imaginary concepts and technology.
Fantasy: Literature that involves supernatural or magical elements and themes.
Horror: Literature that is intended to scare or shock the reader.
Thriller: Literature that involves suspense and tension, often involving crime or danger.
Historical Fiction: Literature that is set in a historical time period and includes fictional characters and events.
Children's Literature: Literature that is written specifically for children, often including fantastical or imaginative elements.
Young Adult Literature: Literature that is written for a teenage audience and often deals with more mature themes than children's literature.
Autobiography: Literature that is a first-person account of an individual's life, written by that individual.
Memoir: Literature that is a first-person account of a specific time period or event in an individual's life.
Essay: Literature that is a short work of non-fiction that explores a single topic.
Satire: Literature that uses humor and irony to criticize or ridicule society or individuals.
Travel Writing: Literature that documents a writer's experiences while traveling.
Spiritual/Metaphysical Literature: Literature that explores or reflects upon spiritual, religious or philosophical beliefs, often with abstract or symbolic language.
In the past, world literature primarily referred to the masterpieces of Western European literature. Quote: "In the past, it primarily referred to the masterpieces of Western European literature."
World literature is increasingly seen in an international context. Quote: "However, world literature today is increasingly seen in an international context."
A work is considered world literature through a double process: being read as literature and circulating beyond its linguistic and cultural point of origin. Quote: "A work enters into world literature by a double process: first, by being read as literature; second, by circulating out into a broader world beyond its linguistic and cultural point of origin."
Venkat Mani believes that the "worlding" of literature is brought about by "information transfer" largely generated by developments in print culture. Quote: "The 'worlding' of literature is brought about by 'information transfer' largely generated by developments in print culture."
Publishers and booksellers who print and sell affordable books play an important role in the making of world literature. Quote: "Publishers and booksellers who print and sell affordable books... play a very important role in the 'making' of world literature."
Literate citizens who acquire books also contribute to the making of world literature. Quote: "Literate citizens who acquire these books [affordable books]... play a very important role in the 'making' of world literature."
Public libraries make books available to those who cannot afford them, thereby playing an essential role in the making of world literature. Quote: "Public libraries that make these books available to those who cannot afford to buy them collectively play a very important role in the 'making' of world literature."
The two processes involved are first, being read as literature, and second, circulating beyond its linguistic and cultural point of origin. Quote: "A work enters into world literature by a double process: first, by being read as literature; second, by circulating out into a broader world beyond its linguistic and cultural point of origin."
The accessibility of global works through various translations expands the concept of world literature beyond earlier Western European focus. Quote: "Now, readers have access to a wide range of global works in various translations."
The term "worlding" of literature implies the process of literature becoming part of the global literary landscape. Quote: None in the given paragraph. (Additional information needed)
According to Venkat Mani, developments in print culture and information transfer contribute to the "worlding" of literature. Quote: "Because of the advent of the library, 'Publishers and booksellers who print and sell affordable books... collectively play a very important role in the 'making' of world literature'."
The definition of world literature has evolved from focusing primarily on Western European literature to encompassing a global perspective. Quote: "In the past, it primarily referred to the masterpieces of Western European literature; however, world literature today is increasingly seen in an international context."
David Damrosch states that a work becomes world literature first by being read as literature and second by circulating beyond its linguistic and cultural origin. Quote: "A work enters into world literature by a double process: first, by being read as literature; second, by circulating out into a broader world beyond its linguistic and cultural point of origin."
Print culture, including affordable books printed and sold by publishers and booksellers, facilitates the spread and availability of literature, contributing to its "worlding." Quote: "Publishers and booksellers who print and sell affordable books... collectively play a very important role in the 'making' of world literature."
Public libraries play an important role by offering access to books for those who cannot afford to buy them, promoting the circulation and availability of literature. Quote: "Public libraries that make these books available to those who cannot afford to buy them collectively play a very important role in the 'making' of world literature."
Readers now have access to a wide range of global works through various translations. Quote: "Now, readers have access to a wide range of global works in various translations."
World literature refers to the literature of all nations and its circulation globally, whereas national literature focuses on the works originating from a specific country. Quote: "World literature is used to refer to the total of the world's national literature and the circulation of works into the wider world beyond their country of origin."
A work becomes world literature through its circulation beyond its country of origin and being recognized as literature by readers. Quote: "A work enters into world literature by a double process: first, by being read as literature; second, by circulating out into a broader world beyond its linguistic and cultural point of origin."
Developments such as the advent of the library, affordable book printing, and wider distribution through publishers and booksellers have contributed to the "worlding" of literature. Quote: "Because of the advent of the library, 'Publishers and booksellers who print and sell affordable books... collectively play a very important role in the 'making' of world literature'."