"Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 216 days is known as the Victorian era and was longer than any of her predecessors."
Introduction to the reign of Queen Victoria - her life, background and impact on British society.
Queen Victoria's Early Life: This topic includes information about Victoria's childhood, education, and family influences.
Coronation and Marriage: It covers the event of Victoria's coronation as queen and her marriage to Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Political Climate and Reform: This topic includes the political landscape of the time, including the Reform Act of 1832, the Chartists, and the Irish Potato Famine.
Industrial Revolution: It covers how the industrial revolution had an impact on the Victorian era—labor conditions, social changes, and economic growth.
Empire and Colonialism: The British Empire had its peak under Queen Victoria. It includes the expansion of the empire, relations with colonies like India, and the Scramble for Africa.
Women's Rights: Women's rights were a controversial topic in Victoria's era. It discusses the treatment of women's rights, Suffrage Movement, and the impact of Queen Victoria on feminism.
Arts and Culture of the Victorian Era: Victoria's time was and remains the source of artistic and cultural inspiration. This topic covers the literature, art, and music of the period.
Crime and Punishment: Crime and punishment were handled differently in Victoria's era than today. It includes topics like transportation, the workhouse, and juvenile crime.
Social Customs and Conventions: Victorian etiquette and society conventions and expectations had an impact on every aspect of life during the time.
Death of Prince Albert: Victoria's husband, Prince Albert, died suddenly in 1861, which had a significant impact on her and her reign.
Mapping and Geographical Exploration: Victoria's reign was a time of geographical exploration and discovery.
Modernising the Army: It covers topics like the Crimean War, the modernisation of the army, and the Victoria Cross.
Religious Tolerance and Interest: Victorian England was a period of religious tolerance and interest, from high church Anglicans to Methodists.
Medical Advances: The Victorian period saw a great many medical advancements, such as the discovery of anaesthesia, the building of hospitals, and the establishment of nursing.
Architecture and Housing: It covers the architecture and housing of the era, including the impact of the industrial revolution on housing.
Transportation and Communication: Victoria's era saw significant advancements in transportation and communication, with the creation of railways, telegraphs, and steamships.
Victorian Dress and Fashion: The Victorian period is well known for its dress and fashion. This topic covers the evolution of fashion throughout the era.
Education and Class Structure: Victorian society had a particular hierarchical class structure that often had an impact on education levels.
Science and Technology: The Victorian era was a time of great scientific and technological advancement, including Darwin's theory of evolution and Faraday's work with electricity.
Death and Legacy: Victoria's death and legacy with respect to the Women's Movement and the concept of the modern monarchy.
Young Victoria: This refers to the period of Queen Victoria's reign when she was young, energetic and newly crowned.
Widow Victoria: After the death of her beloved husband, Prince Albert, in 1861, Queen Victoria went into deep mourning which lasted for nearly 40 years. This period is known as Widow Victoria.
Empress Victoria: Queen Victoria became Empress of India in 1877, as recognised by the Royal Titles Act. During this period, she was often referred to as Empress Victoria.
Jubilee Victoria: Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee was celebrated in 1887 to mark fifty years of her reign. This period is known as Jubilee Victoria.
Diamond Victoria: In 1897, Queen Victoria celebrated her Diamond Jubilee to mark sixty years on the throne. She was referred to as Diamond Victoria during this time.
Grandmother Victoria: Queen Victoria had nine children and many grandchildren. During her later years, she was often referred to as Grandmother Victoria as she played an active role in her grandchildren's lives.
Imperial Victoria: Queen Victoria's reign saw great expansion of the British Empire. During this time, she was often referred to as Imperial Victoria.
Mother of the Nation: Queen Victoria was often referred to as the Mother of the Nation due to her deep involvement in the country's politics, social issues and welfare policies.
Cult of Victoria: Queen Victoria became a cultural icon during the Victorian era, with her image and personality inspiring various artistic and literary works. This is known as the Cult of Victoria.
"Her reign of 63 years and 216 days is known as the Victorian era and was longer than any of her predecessors. It was a period of industrial, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire."
"In 1876, the British Parliament voted to grant her the additional title of Empress of India."
"Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (the fourth son of King George III), and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld."
"After the deaths of her father and grandfather in 1820, she was raised under close supervision by her mother and her comptroller, John Conroy."
"She inherited the throne aged 18 after her father's three elder brothers died without surviving legitimate issue."
"Victoria, a constitutional monarch, attempted privately to influence government policy and ministerial appointments."
"Publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality."
"Victoria married her first cousin Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1840."
"Their nine children married into royal and noble families across the continent, earning Victoria the sobriquet 'grandmother of Europe'."
"After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided public appearances."
"As a result of her seclusion, British republicanism temporarily gained strength, but in the latter half of her reign, her popularity recovered."
"Victoria died in 1901 at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight, at the age of 81."
"The last British monarch of the House of Hanover, she was succeeded by her son Edward VII of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha."
"It was a period of industrial, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire."
"Her reign of 63 years and 216 days is known as the Victorian era and was longer than any of her predecessors."
"It was a period of industrial, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom."
"She inherited the throne aged 18 after her father's three elder brothers died without surviving legitimate issue. Victoria, a constitutional monarch, attempted privately to influence government policy and ministerial appointments; publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality."
"Victoria married her first cousin Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1840."
"Her Golden and Diamond jubilees were times of public celebration. Victoria, a constitutional monarch, attempted privately to influence government policy and ministerial appointments; publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality."