"The Victorian era was the reign of Queen Victoria, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901."
Refers to the period from 1837-1860, generally marked by the reign of Queen Victoria and the Industrial Revolution. This era was focused on social reform, education, and technological advancements.
Queen Victoria: The period is named after her as she was the queen of the United Kingdom during this time.
Industrial Revolution: The shift from agriculture to manufacturing industries that had a huge impact on the period.
Social hierarchy: The strict societal hierarchy that existed during the time.
Fashion: The elaborate and dramatic fashion of the period.
Literature: The literature of the period, including works of Charles Dickens, the Bronte sisters, etc.
Art: The art styles and movements of the period, including the Pre-Raphaelites.
Architecture: The architectural style of the time, including Gothic Revival.
Education: The growth of education and the establishment of universities during the period.
Workhouses: The institutions set up for the poor and needy individuals.
Class divide: The extreme divide between the rich and poor that existed during the time.
Science and technology: The significant scientific and technological advancements of the era, including inventions like the steam engine, telegraph, etc.
Entertainment: The source of entertainment during the period, including theatre, music concerts, etc.
Colonialism: The British Empire and the expansion of Britain's colonies around the world.
Morality: The strict morals and values upheld during the time.
Medicine: The advancements in the field of medicine and the establishment of hospitals.
Romanticism: This was a literary and artistic movement that began in the late 18th century and continued into the early Victorian era. Romanticism focused on emotions, imagination, and individualism, and inspired works such as the poetry of William Wordsworth and the novels of Jane Austen.
Gothic Revival: This was an architectural and decorative arts movement that originated in the late Georgian period and gained momentum in the early Victorian era. Gothic Revival emphasized medieval forms and motifs, and was often used in the design of churches, cathedrals, and other public buildings.
Victorian Classicism: This was an architectural and artistic movement that emerged in the mid-19th century, and was characterized by a return to classical forms and motifs. Victorian classicism influenced building design, furniture, and decorative arts.
Victorian Science: The Victorian era was a time of great scientific progress, with significant advancements in fields such as physics, biology, and medicine. The development of new scientific theories and technologies influenced many aspects of society, including art, literature, and culture.
Victorian Realism: This was a literary movement that emerged in the mid-19th century, and was characterized by an emphasis on realism and social commentary. Victorian realism was concerned with depicting everyday life and social issues, and included writers such as Charles Dickens and Elizabeth Gaskell.
Industrial Revolution: The Victorian era was a time of significant economic and social change, marked by the growth of industry and the rise of capitalism. The Industrial Revolution led to new technologies, mass production, and urbanization, and had a profound impact on the culture and society of the era.
"The era followed the Georgian era and preceded the Edwardian era."
"Various liberalising political reforms took place in the UK including expanding the electoral franchise."
"The Great Famine caused mass death in Ireland early in the period."
"The British Empire had relatively peaceful relations with the other great powers."
"The British Empire participated in various military conflicts mainly against minor powers."
"The British Empire expanded during this period and was the predominant power in the world."
"Victorian society valued a high standard of personal conduct which reflected across all sections of society."
"The emphasis on morality gave impetus to social reform but also placed restrictions on the liberty of certain groups."
"Prosperity rose during the period, though debilitating undernutrition continued to exist."
"Literacy and childhood education became near universal in Great Britain for the first time."
"Whilst some attempts were made to improve living conditions, slum housing and disease remained a severe problem."
"The period saw significant scientific and technological development."
"Britain was advanced in industry and engineering in particular."
"Britain was somewhat undeveloped in art and education."
"The population of Great Britain increased rapidly."
"The population of Ireland fell sharply."
"The emphasis on morality gave impetus to social reform but also placed restrictions on the liberty of certain groups."
"Whilst some attempts were made to improve living conditions, slum housing and disease remained a severe problem."
"The British Empire expanded during this period and was the predominant power in the world."