"Colonialism is a practice by which a country controls people or areas, often by establishing colonies, generally for strategic and economic advancement."
The practice by which a powerful country extends its control over another territory or people, often for economic or strategic reasons.
Definition of Colonialism: This involves the description of the process of colonization, the definition of colonialism and imperialism, and the distinguishing factors between the two.
Causes of Colonialism: This entails the motivations behind the spread of colonialism and the reasons why European states took the decision to colonize other territories.
The Scramble for Africa: This involves the partitioning of Africa by European powers, their objectives for doing so, and the effects of Africa’s partition.
The effects of Colonialism on the Indigenous People: This covers the negative impact of colonialism on the health, social, political, cultural, and economic life of the colonized.
The economic Dimensions of Colonialism: This involves the economic exploitation of colonized territories by their colonial masters, the trade connections, and the commercial transformation effected on them.
The spread of Christianity and its role in Colonialism: This covers the Missionaries’ involvement in the spread of Christianity and how it was used as a tool of colonialism.
The Resistance to Colonialism: This explains how the colonized territories resisted against colonialism and how they reclaimed their independence.
The Reverse flow of Influence: This entails the influence of non-Europeans in shaping European thinking.
Imperialism: This involves the impact of Imperialism on the world, the rivalry among the imperialist powers, and the impact of the balance of power.
Decolonization: This involves the undoing of Colonialism and the processes that led to it.
The Post Colonial Era: This covers the relationship between ex-colonies and their former colonial masters after decolonization.
The Return to traditional Forms of Governance: This involves the attempts to return to traditional systems and the challenges that these faced.
Neo Colonialism: This is used to describe the indirect way in which some ex-colonies continue to be under the shadows of their former colonial powers.
Lessons from the Colonial Experience: This entails the lessons to be learned from the experience of Colonialism and Imperialism.
Settlement Colonialism: Settlement colonialism refers to the movement of settlers from one country to another to establish permanent settlements, often displacing indigenous populations. Examples include the British settlements in North America and Australia.
Exploitation Colonialism: Exploitation colonialism involves the extraction of resources from a colony by a foreign power. This type of colonialism is characterized by an unequal distribution of power and resources.
Indirect Colonialism: Indirect colonialism occurs when a foreign power exerts its influence over a country through intermediaries such as local rulers, officials, or businesses. The foreign power retains control through economic, political, or military means.
Settler-Colonialism: Settler colonialism involves the movement of settlers into a new territory with the intention of permanently occupying it. The settlers often displace indigenous populations and establish a new society.
Neo-colonialism: Neo-colonialism is the economic and political domination of a country or region by a more powerful country or organization, often through the imposition of economic policies and the use of military force.
Direct Colonialism: Direct colonialism involves the complete control of a colony by a foreign power, including the imposition of laws, customs, and culture.
Informal or Cultural Colonialism: Informal colonialism involves the domination of one culture over another through the spread of language, religion, customs or values.
Sphere of Influence: A sphere of influence occurs when a foreign power or group of powers exerts control over a region or territory, often through the use of economic or diplomatic means.
Mandatory Colonialism: Mandatory colonialism occurs when a territory is placed under the direct control of a foreign power or group of powers, often through the mandate of an international organization such as the League of Nations.
Decolonization: Decolonization is the process by which a colony achieves independence from its colonizer or colonial power. This often involves a struggle for political, economic, and social rights by the colonized people.
"Colonialism is etymologically rooted in the Latin word 'Colonus', which was used to describe tenant farmers in the Roman Empire."
"Colonialism has existed since ancient times."
"The concept is most strongly associated with the European and Japanese empires."
"Starting in the 15th century and extending to the mid-1900s."
"At first, conquest followed policies of mercantilism, aiming to strengthen the home-country economy."
"Agreements usually restricted the colony to trading only with the metropole (mother country)."
"By the mid-19th century."
"Missionaries were active in practically all of the European-controlled colonies because the metropoles were Christian."
"Historian Philip Hoffman calculated that by 1800, before the Industrial Revolution, Europeans already controlled at least 35% of the globe."
"By 1914, they had gained control of 84% of the globe."
"Colonial powers retreated between 1945 and 1975; over which time nearly all colonies gained independence, entering into changed colonial, so-called postcolonial and neocolonialist relations."
"The coloni sharecroppers started as tenants of landlords, but the system evolved so they were permanently indebted to the landowner and were trapped in servitude."
"The system evolved so they were permanently indebted to the landowner and were trapped in servitude."
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