"Urban planning, also known as town planning, city planning, regional planning, or rural planning, is a technical and political process that is focused on the development and design of land use and the built environment..."
The economic and political factors that shape urban development, as well as the policies and strategies used to manage urban growth and development.
Urbanization: The process of the growth and development of cities and how this affects the surrounding areas.
Transportation: Planning and management of transportation systems within cities and their impact on urban life.
Land use and zoning: How land is allocated and zoned in cities for different uses such as residential, commercial, industrial, and so on.
Housing: Supply, demand, and affordability of housing in urban areas.
Demography and population: Study of population growth, migration patterns, and demographics of urban areas.
Infrastructure: Planning and management of water, sanitation, and other essential services in urban areas.
Public finance: Financing urban development, public goods and services, and municipal budgets.
Economic development: Growth and development of urban economies and the roles of various industries.
Environmental sustainability: Managing environmental and natural resources in urban areas.
Land-use policy: The laws, regulations, and policies that are related to urban planning and development.
Urban design: The planning, design, and management of urban environments.
Social and community development: The development of social capital, community participation, and civic engagement in urban areas.
Real estate: The commercial and residential property market in urban areas.
Property rights: The legal and economic aspects of property ownership and use in urban areas.
Governance: The role and functions of local government and other actors in urban development.
Cultural and heritage preservation: The preservation of cultural heritage and assets in urban areas.
Urban resilience: Approaches to managing and adapting to various urban challenges such as environmental disasters and economic shocks.
Innovation and technology: The impact of new technologies, innovations, and digital platforms on urban development.
Community participation and engagement: Empowering citizens to participate in urban planning and decision-making processes.
Sustainable urbanism: Promoting sustainable urban development that balances economic, environmental, and social sustainability.
Transportation Planning: Concerned with the movement of goods, people, and services within a city.
Housing and Real Estate Development: Analyzing the demand and supply factors of housing as well as commercial real estate, among other topics.
Land Use Planning: This type deals with how land areas in a city are allocated for different purposes, such as residential, commercial, or institutional use.
Environmental Planning: Mitigating environmental concerns in determining ideal placement of different Land Use types.
Community Planning: The examination of the complex network of different social elements to determine a betterment approach for urban communities.
Design Planning: For an urban area, developing suitable physical structures that will support human activity and connectivity is important.
Economic Development Planning: Concentrated on increasing profit generation, improving local businesses, and job opportunities.
Tourism Planning: Determining areas within cities that can be leveraged to promote tourism effectively.
Regional Planning: The creation of regional development plans based on future projections of new population and economic growth patterns.
Urban Renewal Planning: Making certain areas in the city attractive, livable, and productive by reducing crime, rehabilitating blighted areas, and spurring economic growth.
"...including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks and their accessibility."
"Many professional practitioners of urban planning, especially practitioners with the title 'urban planner,' study urban planning education, while some paraprofessional practitioners are educated in urban studies..."
"...others study and work in urban policy - the aspect of public policy used in the public administration subfield of political science that is most aligned with urban planning."
"Traditionally, urban planning followed a top-down approach in master planning the physical layout of human settlements."
"The primary concern was the public welfare, which included considerations of efficiency, sanitation, protection and use of the environment, as well as effects of the master plans on the social and economic activities."
"Over time, urban planning has adopted a focus on the social and environmental bottom-lines that focus on planning as a tool to improve the health and well-being of people while maintaining sustainability standards."
"In the early 21st century, Jane Jacobs's writings on legal and political perspectives effectively influenced urban planners to take into broader consideration of resident experiences and needs while planning."
"Urban planning answers questions about how people will live, work and play in a given area and thus, guides orderly development in urban, suburban and rural areas."
"Urban planners are also responsible for planning the efficient transportation of goods, resources, people and waste..."
"...a sense of inclusion and opportunity for people of all kinds, culture and needs; economic growth or business development; improving health and conserving areas of natural environmental significance..."
"Since most urban planning teams consist of highly educated individuals that work for city governments, recent debates focus on how to involve more community members in city planning processes."
"Urban planning is an interdisciplinary field that includes aspects of civil engineering, architecture, geography, political science, environmental studies, design sciences, history, economics, sociology, anthropology, business administration, and other fields."
"Practitioners of urban planning are concerned with research and analysis, strategic thinking, engineering architecture, urban design, public consultation, policy recommendations, implementation, and management."
"It is closely related to the field of urban design, and some urban planners provide designs for streets, parks, buildings, and other urban areas."
"The discipline of urban planning is the broader category that includes different sub-fields such as land-use planning, zoning, economic development, environmental planning, and transportation planning."
"Another important aspect of urban planning is that the range of urban planning projects include the large-scale master planning of empty sites or Greenfield projects as well as small-scale interventions and refurbishments of existing structures, buildings, and public spaces."
"Pierre Charles L'Enfant in Washington, D.C., Daniel Burnham in Chicago, Lúcio Costa in Brasília, and Georges-Eugene Haussmann in Paris planned cities from scratch, and Robert Moses and Le Corbusier refurbished and transformed cities and neighborhoods to meet their ideas of urban planning."
"Creating the plans requires a thorough understanding of penal codes and zonal codes of planning."
"Sustainable development was added as one of the main goals of all planning endeavors in the late 20th century when the detrimental economic and the environmental impacts of the previous models of planning had become apparent."