"Physical geography is the branch of natural science which deals with the processes and patterns in the natural environment such as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere."
The study of the natural environment and its processes.
Geomorphology: The study of landforms and their formation processes.
Hydrology: The study of water on Earth, including its distribution, movement, and quality.
Climatology: The study of climate patterns and their effects on the Earth’s surface and ecosystems.
Biogeography: The study of the distribution of living organisms on Earth and the ecological and evolutionary factors that affect their distribution.
Soil Science: The study of soil properties, including its physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, and its role in supporting plant growth and ecosystem health.
Glaciology: The study of glaciers, including their formation, movement, and interactions with the environment.
Oceanography: The study of the world’s oceans, including their physical, chemical, and biological properties and their interactions with the rest of the planet.
Meteorology: The study of the atmosphere and its various phenomena such as weather patterns, atmospheric pressure, temperature, and humidity.
Cartography: The science of making maps and charts, including digital and interactive maps.
Remote Sensing: The use of satellites, aircraft, or drones to collect data about the Earth's surface, atmosphere, and oceans.
Geographical Information systems (GIS): A computer-based system in which an integrated collection of software and data is used to manage and analyze data related to geographic locations.
Geodesy: The study of the Earth's shape, size, and gravitational field.
Land Use and Land Cover Change: The study of how human activities, such as urbanization, agriculture, and deforestation, change the Earth’s landscapes over time.
Natural Hazards and Disasters: The study of natural phenomena that can cause harm to people or damage to the environment, such as earthquakes, floods, wildfires, and hurricanes.
Environmental Management: The practice of managing natural resources to minimize environmental impact and ensure long-term sustainability.
Geomorphology: The study of the Earth's landforms, including mountains, valleys, plains, and rivers.
Climatology: The study of the Earth's climate and weather patterns, including temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric conditions.
Hydrology: The study of water resources and water cycles on Earth, including rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater.
Biogeography: The study of the distribution of plant and animal species across the globe and the factors that influence their distribution.
Soil Geography: The study of the characteristics and properties of soils, including their formation, distribution, and uses.
Oceanography: The study of the Earth's oceans, including their physical, chemical, and biological properties.
Glaciology: The study of glaciers, ice sheets, and other forms of ice on the Earth's surface.
Volcanology: The study of volcanoes, including their eruptions, lava flows, and associated hazards.
Geology: The study of the Earth's rocks, minerals, and geological processes.
Cartography: The science and art of creating maps and visual representations of geographic information.
Geodesy: The study of the Earth's shape, size, and gravitational field.
Remote Sensing: The use of satellites and other technology to observe and measure physical features of the Earth's surface from a distance.
Paleontology: The study of ancient life on Earth, including fossilized plants, animals, and other organisms.
Environmental Geography: The study of human impacts on the Earth's physical and natural environments.
"Physical geography is one of the three main branches of geography."
"This focus is in contrast with the branch of human geography, which focuses on the built environment, and technical geography, which focuses on using, studying, and creating tools to obtain, analyze, interpret, and understand spatial information."
"...the processes and patterns in the natural environment such as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere."
"The built environment."
"Using, studying, and creating tools to obtain, analyze, interpret, and understand spatial information."
"Physical geography, human geography, and technical geography."
"The three branches have significant overlap, however."
"This focus is in contrast with the branch of human geography..."
"...the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere."
"...deals with the processes and patterns in the natural environment."
"Physical geography (also known as physiography)..."
"The atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere."
"...deals with the processes and patterns in the natural environment..."
"The processes and patterns in the natural environment."
"Technical geography, which focuses on using, studying, and creating tools to obtain, analyze, interpret, and understand spatial information."
"The built environment."
"Physical geography deals with the natural environment, while technical geography focuses on obtaining, analyzing, and interpreting spatial information."
"Physical geography focuses on the natural environment, whereas human geography focuses on the built environment."
"There are three main branches of geography: physical geography, human geography, and technical geography."