"Environmental science is an interdisciplinary academic field that integrates physics, biology, and geography (including ecology, chemistry, plant science, zoology, mineralogy, oceanography, limnology, soil science, geology and physical geography, and atmospheric science) to the study of the environment and the solution of environmental problems."
The study of the environment and how it is affected by human activities.
Physical geography: Physical geography covers the study of elements such as mountains, climate, coastal and river systems, and soil types, which have an impact on environmental science.
Geomorphology: Geomorphology deals with the shapes of the earth's surface, along with their origin, topography, and alteration.
Ecology: Ecology examines the interdependencies and connections of living organisms with their environment. It includes studying the biodiversity, ecosystems, and conservation of resources.
Earth science: Earth science encompasses the study of the earth's structure, its geodynamics, and the natural forces that have shaped it over billions of years.
Hydrology: Hydrology deals with the distribution and quantity of water resources on earth, including monitoring the quality of water in rivers, lakes, and oceans.
Atmospheric science: Atmospheric science covers the study of meteorology, climatology, and weather patterns, including the examination of air pollution and the impact of human activity on global climate.
Geography of land use: Land use refers to the human utilization of land resources, such as agriculture, forestry, mining, and urban development.
Natural resource management: Natural resource management focuses on the sustainable utilization of natural resources such as forests, water resources, minerals, and wildlife.
Environmental policy and governance: Environmental policy and governance examine the legal and regulatory frameworks that shape decision-making on environmental issues.
Environmental economics: Environmental economics assesses the economic impacts of environmental policies and attempts to find ways to incentivize sustainable resource management.
Ecology: The study of interrelations between living organisms and their environment.
Environmental Chemistry: The study of the chemical interactions between living organisms and their environment.
Environmental Biology: The study of the biological impacts of environmental factors.
Environmental Geology: The study of the geologic processes and their impact on the environment.
Environmental Engineering: The application of engineering principles to manage and prevent environmental problems.
Environmental Toxicology: The study of chemical pollutants and their impacts on ecosystems and organisms.
Environmental Economics: The analysis of economic policies and approaches to environmental management.
Environmental Sociology: The study of social factors that interact with the environment.
Environmental Ethics: The study of ethical issues surrounding environmental management and policy.
Environmental Law: The study of legal frameworks for managing the environment.
"Environmental science emerged from the fields of natural history and medicine during the Enlightenment."
"Today it provides an integrated, quantitative, and interdisciplinary approach to the study of environmental systems."
"Environmental studies incorporates more of the social sciences for understanding human relationships, perceptions, and policies towards the environment."
"Environmental engineering focuses on design and technology for improving environmental quality in every aspect."
"Environmental scientists seek to understand the earth's physical, chemical, biological, and geological processes."
"Environmental scientists study issues such as alternative energy systems, pollution control and mitigation, natural resource management, and the effects of global warming and climate change."
"Environmental issues almost always include an interaction of physical, chemical, and biological processes."
"Environmental scientists bring a systems approach to the analysis of environmental problems."
"Key elements of an effective environmental scientist include the ability to relate space and time relationships as well as quantitative analysis."
"Environmental science came alive as a substantive, active field of scientific investigation in the 1960s and 1970s."
"The development of environmental science was driven by the need for a multi-disciplinary approach, the arrival of substantive environmental laws, and growing public awareness of a need for action."
"Events that spurred this development included the publication of Rachel Carson's landmark environmental book Silent Spring along with major environmental issues becoming very public, such as the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill and the Cuyahoga River of Cleveland, Ohio, 'catching fire'."
"The publication of Rachel Carson's landmark environmental book Silent Spring...helped increase the visibility of environmental issues and create this new field of study."
"Major environmental issues becoming very public, such as the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill and the Cuyahoga River of Cleveland, Ohio, 'catching fire'."
"Environmental science integrates physics, biology, and geography...to the study of the environment and the solution of environmental problems."
"Environmental studies incorporate more of the social sciences for understanding human relationships, perceptions, and policies towards the environment."
"Environmental engineering focuses on design and technology for improving environmental quality in every aspect."
"Environmental issues almost always include an interaction of physical, chemical, and biological processes."
"The growing public awareness of a need for action in addressing environmental problems."