"Topography is the study of the forms and features of land surfaces."
Introduction to basic topographic terminology.
Elevation: The height of a point on land relative to sea level.
Contour lines: Imaginary lines on a map connecting points of equal elevation.
Relief: The difference between the highest and lowest point in an area.
Topographic map: A map that shows the features of land surface.
Scale: The ratio of distance on the map to the distance on the ground.
Legend: The key on a map that explains the symbols and colors used.
Coordinates: The system used to locate points on a map.
Slope: The steepness of the land surface.
Gradient: The rate of change in elevation over a given distance.
Benchmarks: Permanent marks on the ground used to establish elevation.
Geodesy: The science that deals with the measurement and representation of the Earth's surface.
Cartography: The study and practice of making maps.
Photogrammetry: The use of aerial photography to make maps.
Remote sensing: The use of satellites and other equipment to make maps.
GIS: Geographic Information Systems - computer-based tools used for mapping and analysis.
Hydrology: The study of water on the Earth's surface.
Drainage basin: The area of land from which water drains into a river or lake.
Watershed: The area of land from which all water flows to a common point.
Floodplain: The area of land that is prone to flooding during high water events.
Land use: The way in which the land is used by humans, such as residential, commercial, or agricultural.
Elevation: It is the height of a certain location above sea level.
Altitude: It is the height of an aircraft above sea level.
Relief: It refers to the difference in elevation between the highest point and the lowest point in a region.
Topography: It is the study of the shape and features of the Earth's surface.
Contour line: It is a line that connects points of equal elevation.
Slope: It is the angle of inclination of a surface.
Gradient: It is the rate of change of elevation of a surface.
Hill: It is a landform that rises above its surroundings.
Valley: It is a low area between hills or mountains, usually with a stream or river flowing through it.
Ridge: It is a long, narrow hilltop or mountain range.
Plateau: It is a flat-topped landform that rises from the surrounding areas.
Canyon: It is a deep, narrow valley with steep sides, usually carved by a river.
Delta: It is a landform created by sediment deposition at the mouth of a river.
Peninsula: It is a piece of land surrounded by water on three sides.
Island: It is a piece of land surrounded by water on all sides.
Strait: It is a narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water.
Bay: It is an inlet of water that is smaller than a gulf.
Cape: It is a point of land extending into a body of water.
Estuary: It is the mouth of a river where it meets the sea, characterized by brackish water.
Glacier: It is a large, slow-moving mass of ice that forms over thousands of years in areas where snow accumulates.
"Topography is concerned with local detail in general, including not only relief but also natural, artificial, and cultural features such as roads, land boundaries, and buildings."
"In the United States, topography often means specifically relief, even though the USGS topographic maps record not just elevation contours but also roads, populated places, structures, land boundaries, and so on."
"Topography in a narrow sense involves the recording of relief or terrain, the three-dimensional quality of the surface, and the identification of specific landforms; this is also known as geomorphometry."
"In modern usage, topography involves the generation of elevation data in digital form, known as DEM (Digital Elevation Model)."
"It is often considered to include the graphic representation of the landform on a map by a variety of cartographic relief depiction techniques, including contour lines, hypsometric tints, and relief shading."
"Topography is concerned with local detail in general, including not only relief but also natural, artificial, and cultural features such as roads, land boundaries, and buildings."
"Topography is concerned with local detail in general, including not only relief but also natural, artificial, and cultural features such as roads, land boundaries, and buildings."
"Topography is concerned with local detail in general, including not only relief but also natural, artificial, and cultural features such as roads, land boundaries, and buildings."
"Topography is a field of geoscience and planetary science."
"Topography in a narrow sense involves the recording of relief or terrain, the three-dimensional quality of the surface, and the identification of specific landforms; this is also known as geomorphometry."
"It is often considered to include the graphic representation of the landform on a map by a variety of cartographic relief depiction techniques, including contour lines, hypsometric tints, and relief shading."
"The USGS topographic maps record not just elevation contours but also roads, populated places, structures, land boundaries, and so on."
"The USGS topographic maps record not just elevation contours but also roads, populated places, structures, land boundaries, and so on."
"Topography often involves the generation of elevation data in digital form, known as DEM (Digital Elevation Model)."
"Topography in a narrow sense involves the recording of relief or terrain, the three-dimensional quality of the surface, and the identification of specific landforms; this is also known as geomorphometry."
"Topography in a narrow sense involves the recording of relief or terrain, the three-dimensional quality of the surface, and the identification of specific landforms; this is also known as geomorphometry."
"Topography is concerned with local detail in general, including not only relief but also natural, artificial, and cultural features such as roads, land boundaries, and buildings."
"Topography is the study of the forms and features of land surfaces."
"Topography is a field of geoscience and planetary science."