Study of atmospheric phenomena that affect climate and weather including air pressure systems, temperature, and precipitation.
Earth's Atmosphere: The study of the layers of gases that surround the Earth and their roles in regulating temperature, weather patterns, and climate.
Atmospheric Composition: The analysis of the various gases that make up the Earth's atmosphere, including nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
Atmospheric Pressure: The examination of how the weight of the atmosphere creates pressure and affects weather patterns, climate, and the Earth's surface.
Temperature and Heat: The study of the difference between temperature and heat, how they are measured, and how they impact weather and climate.
Precipitation: The analysis of rain, snow, sleet, and hail, and how they are formed, distributed, and impacted by weather and climate.
Clouds: The study of how clouds are formed, classified, and how they impact weather and climate.
Air Masses and Fronts: The examination of large bodies of air that are characterized by their temperature and moisture content and their interactions as fronts that contribute to weather patterns.
Cyclones and Anticyclones: The analysis of regions of low and high atmospheric pressure that drive weather patterns, including hurricanes, typhoons, and tropical storms.
Ocean Currents: The study of the movement of water in the oceans and how they impact climate and weather patterns.
Climate Change: The examination of the changes in global climate patterns over time due to natural and human-induced factors, including greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, and overconsumption.
Weather Forecasting: The study of the science of predicting future weather patterns based on past and current weather models and data.
Natural Disasters: The analysis of weather events that cause significant damage to life and property, including tornadoes, floods, droughts, wildfires, and landslides.
Greenhouse Gases: The study of the gases that trap solar radiation in the Earth's atmosphere, including carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor.
Weather Instruments: The examination of the tools used to measure weather patterns, including thermometers, barometers, anemometers, and radar.
The Coriolis Effect: The analysis of the effect of the Earth's rotation on air and ocean currents and the resulting impact on global weather patterns.
Af: Tropical Rainforest Climate: High average monthly temperatures (above 18 °C) and abundant rainfall throughout the year.
Am: Tropical Monsoon Climate: Similar to Af, but with a distinct dry season of at least one month.
Aw: Tropical Savanna Climate: Warm temperatures throughout the year, with a pronounced dry season lasting several months.
BW: Desert Climate: Low precipitation and wide daily temperature swings between day and night.
BSh: Semi-Arid Climate (Hot): Low precipitation, hot temperatures throughout the year, and a pronounced dry season.
BS: Semi-Arid Climate (Steppe): Similar to BSh, but with cooler average annual temperatures.
Cfa: Humid Subtropical Climate: Hot summers and mild winters, with precipitation distributed evenly throughout the year.
Cfb: Marine West Coast Climate: Cool summers and mild winters, with precipitation occurring throughout the year.
Csb: Mediterranean Climate: Hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
Cfc: Subpolar Oceanic Climate: Cool summers and mild winters, with precipitation occurring throughout the year.
Dfa: Humid Continental Climate (Warm Summer): Hot summers and cold winters, with precipitation distributed evenly throughout the year.
Dfb: Humid Continental Climate (Cool Summer): Cold winters and mild summers, with precipitation distributed throughout the year.
Dfc: Subarctic Climate: Long, bitterly cold winters with short, cool summers.
Dfd: Dfc with Dry Winter: Similar to Dfc, but with a dry, cold winter season.
ET: Tundra Climate: Long, bitterly cold winters and short, cool summers with low precipitation.
EF: Ice Cap Climate: Extremely cold, with little to no precipitation and permanent ice cover.
H: Highland Climate: Climate varies depending on altitude, but the high altitude leads to cooler temperatures and greater precipitation.