"Urbanization (or urbanisation) is the population shift from rural to urban areas, the corresponding decrease in the proportion of people living in rural areas, and the ways in which societies adapt to this change."
The process of the growth and expansion of cities, and the impact of this on the surrounding region and environment.
Urbanization: The process of growth and development of cities and towns.
Urban Planning: The study of how to design, develop, and manage the physical aspects of urban areas.
Urban Geography: The study of urban areas and their spatial relationships, including population distribution, transportation, and land use.
Urban Economy: The economic activities that take place within an urban area, including the production and distribution of goods and services.
Urban Sociology: The study of how social structures and relationships in urban areas affect the behavior and attitudes of individuals and groups.
Urban History: The study of the development of urban areas and the role they have played in human history.
Urban Culture: The study of the cultural aspects of urban areas, including art, music, literature, and religion.
Urban Politics: The study of the political structures and processes that operate in urban areas, including elections, government structures, and policy formulation.
Urban Environment: The study of the relationship between urban areas and the natural environment, including issues related to air and water pollution, waste management, and natural resource depletion.
Urban Design: The study of how to create urban spaces that are functional, aesthetically pleasing, and environmentally sustainable.
Urban Renewal: The process of revitalizing urban areas through the renovation of old buildings, the creation of new infrastructure, and other measures.
Urbanization and Globalization: The study of how urban areas are affected by the forces of global trade, migration, and communication.
Urban Health: The study of how living conditions in urban areas affect the health of residents, including issues related to pollution, disease, and access to health care.
Urban Crime: The study of how crime and deviance are shaped by social and economic factors in urban areas, and how urban areas can be made more safe and secure.
Urban Mobility: The study of how people and goods move within and between urban areas, including issues related to transportation infrastructure, traffic congestion, and pedestrian safety.
Organic Urbanization: This is a gradual and natural process of urban growth, where there is no planned development, and the expansion is based on population growth, economic activities, and social changes.
Planned Urbanization: This urbanization occurs when cities are built according to a plan by the government or private entities. The plan includes zoning, infrastructure, and land use patterns.
Colonial Urbanization: This type of urbanization happened during the colonial period when European powers established colonies and created urban centers that served as administrative, commercial, and military bases.
Industrial Urbanization: This type of urbanization is characterized by the establishment of industries in urban areas. This leads to the migration of people from rural areas in search of employment, resulting in the development of urban centers.
Retrenchment Urbanization: This refers to the shrinking of cities due to economic decline, urban decay, and population loss. This phenomenon is usually associated with developed countries that have experienced deindustrialization, economic restructuring, and globalization.
Postcolonial Urbanization: This type of urbanization happens after the colonial period, where colonial cities are transformed into modern metropolitan areas with new infrastructure, architecture, and urban services.
Gentrification Urbanization: This refers to the process of urban renewal, where deteriorated neighborhoods are revitalized through the influx of middle-class residents or the cultural and entrepreneurial activities of creative-class people.
Informal Urbanization: It is characterized by the formation of unplanned settlements or slums in urban areas, which emerge through squatter settlements, land invasions, or illegal subdivisions on the urban periphery.
Smart Urbanization: This type of urbanization emerged in the 21st century and is focused on creating digital infrastructure and using technology to improve urban services and sustainability.
"It can also mean population growth in urban areas instead of rural ones."
"It is predominantly the process by which towns and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas."
"Urbanization refers to the proportion of the total national population living in areas classified as urban, whereas urban growth strictly refers to the absolute number of people living in those areas."
"It is predicted that by 2050 about 64% of the developing world and 86% of the developed world will be urbanized."
"This is predicted to generate artificial scarcities of land, lack of drinking water, playgrounds and so on for most urban dwellers."
"Much of which will occur in Africa and Asia."
"The United Nations has also recently projected that nearly all global population growth from 2017 to 2030 will be by cities, with about 1.1 billion new urbanites over the next 10 years."
"Urbanization is relevant to a range of disciplines, including urban planning, geography, sociology, architecture, economics, education, statistics, and public health."
"The phenomenon has been closely linked to globalization, modernization, industrialization, and the sociological process of rationalization."
"Therefore, urbanization can be quantified either in terms of the level of urban development relative to the overall population, or as the rate at which the urban proportion of the population is increasing."
"Urbanization creates enormous social, economic and environmental challenges..."
"...which provide an opportunity for sustainability with the 'potential to use resources much less or more efficiently, to create more sustainable land use and to protect the biodiversity of natural ecosystems.'"
"However, current urbanization trends have shown that massive urbanization has led to unsustainable ways of living."
"Developing urban resilience and urban sustainability in the face of increased urbanization is at the center of international policy."
"Urbanization is not merely a modern phenomenon, but a rapid and historic transformation of human social roots on a global scale."
"Village culture is characterized by common bloodlines, intimate relationships, and communal behavior, whereas urban culture is characterized by distant bloodlines, unfamiliar relations, and competitive behavior."
"This unprecedented movement of people is forecast to continue and intensify during the next few decades, mushrooming cities to sizes unthinkable only a century ago."
"The world urban population growth curve has up till recently followed a quadratic-hyperbolic pattern."
"Urbanization is a rapid and historic transformation of human social roots on a global scale, whereby predominantly rural culture is being rapidly replaced by predominantly urban culture."