"Transport economics is a branch of economics founded in 1959 by American economist John R. Meyer."
The study of how transportation infrastructure and logistics affect economic activity, and the role of infrastructure development in promoting economic growth and regional development.
Modes of Transportation: Types of transportation modes and their respective advantages and disadvantages, including water, air, rail, and road.
Infrastructure: Facilities, equipment, and systems required to provide transportation services, including airports, seaports, railroads, highways, and bridges.
Transportation Economics: The cost of transportation and the factors affecting the pricing of transportation, including demand, supply, and competitive factors.
Logistics: The process of planning and coordinating the movement of goods and services through the transportation network.
Transportation Technology: Technology influencing the mode of transportation, including aircraft, ships, trucks, and trains.
Consumer Trends: Travel and transportation patterns and changes in consumer behavior that affect transportation demand.
Urban Planning and Transportation: The role of transportation infrastructure in urban planning and the importance of sustainable transportation systems.
Transportation Security: Measures taken to prevent transportation-related terrorism, including border security, cargo screening, and passenger screening.
Globalization and Transportation: The impact of globalization on transportation, including global supply chains, international trade, and the globalization of transportation networks.
Green Transportation: The role of environmentally-friendly transportation technology and sustainable transportation infrastructure designs in reducing carbon emissions, greenhouse gas emissions, and air pollution.
Transportation Modeling: The mathematical and statistical models used to analyze transportation systems and optimize transportation performance.
Public Policy and Transportation: The role of government regulation and policy in transportation, including transportation funding, transportation laws, and transportation regulation.
Transportation Management: The planning and coordination of transportation operations, including freight transportation management and passenger transportation management.
Intermodal Transportation: Moving cargo or freight between different modes of transportation, such as road, rail, air, and sea, to provide customer service and reduce transportation cost.
Transportation Geography: The study of transportation systems and infrastructure in different regions, including their regional economic impact, network dynamics, and transportation cost.
Roads and highways: Roads are the most common type of transportation infrastructure. They are generally made of asphalt, concrete, or another sturdy material and are used for land-based transportation.
Railways: Railways are a type of land-based transportation infrastructure that consist of tracks and locomotives. They are used for transporting goods and people and are often used for long distances.
Bridges: Bridges are structures that span a body of water or other obstacle, allowing people and vehicles to cross over it. They are made of various materials and can range in size from small foot bridges to massive suspension bridges.
Airports: Airports are used for air travel, with runways, terminals, and hangars. They serve as gateways to regions for both people and goods transportation.
Ports: Ports are facilities where ships unload goods that are then moved on land-based transportation to various destinations. Ports are essential for international trade.
Mass Transit Systems: These are urban transportation systems designed to move high volumes of people within a city or region. Examples include bus rapid transit, light rails, subway trains, and streetcars.
Highways and expressways-These are specially designed and built for long-distance transportation with fast speeds and minimal access points.: Highways and expressways refer to dedicated roadways designed for efficient long-distance travel, featuring high speeds and limited entry and exit points.
Waterways and Canals: These are water-based transportation infrastructure elements that allow ships to carry goods from one location to another. They include rivers, seas, canals, and artificial lakes.
Tunnels: Tunnels are transportation infrastructure elements that allow travel beneath mountains, rivers, and other obstacles. They are usually used for transportation and providing underground passages.
Air traffic control: This is an essential element of infrastructure that ensures air traffic safety by managing the movement of aircraft in the airspace around airports.
Freight yards and stations: Freight yards and stations are used to unload, sort, and reload goods from one mode of transportation to another.
Pipelines: These are underground transportation infrastructures used for moving petroleum, natural gas, water, and other liquids or gases. They work through pressure-driven movement.
Seaports and harbors: These are ports located at the shores of seas and oceans, providing a landing path to ships and boats for heavy cargo or passenger loads.
Water supply and sanitation: Such infrastructures include the design, construction, and maintenance of water supply and sanitation facilities. These help public health by providing clean water supply and safer waste disposal.
Intelligent transport systems (ITS): These are smart infrastructure technologies that integrate transportation systems with information technology to help optimize, monitor and/or automate transportation services. They can be used to track vehicles, manage traffic, predict weather, advise drivers, among other applications.
"Transport economics deals with the allocation of resources within the transport sector."
"Transport economics differs in that the assumption of a spaceless, instantaneous economy does not hold."
"The complications of network effects and choices between dissimilar goods make estimating the demand for transportation facilities difficult."
"The development of models to estimate the likely choices between the goods involved in transport decisions led to the development of an important branch of econometrics."
"Demand can be measured in number of journeys made or in total distance traveled across all journeys."
"Supply is considered to be a measure of capacity."
"The price of the good (travel) is measured using the generalised cost of travel, which includes both money and time expenditure."
"The effect of increases in supply are of particular interest in transport economics, as the potential environmental consequences are significant."
"Transport economics has strong links to civil engineering."
"Advance ticket purchase is often induced by lower fares."
"A single trip may require the bundling of services provided by several firms, agencies and modes."
"People and goods flow over networks at certain speeds."
"The networks themselves may or may not be competitive."
"Passenger-kilometers for public transport or vehicle-kilometers of travel (VKT) for private transport."
"The demand for transportation goods involves choices between dissimilar goods (e.g. car and bus travel)."
"The development of models to estimate the likely choices between the goods involved in transport decisions led to the development of an important branch of econometrics."
"The potential environmental consequences are significant."
"Demands peak."
"Daniel McFadden won a Nobel Prize for his work on discrete choice models in transport economics."