"Energy economics is a broad scientific subject area which includes topics related to supply and use of energy in societies."
The study of how resource availability, resource use, and the demand for energy drives regional economic development, and how environmental policies can influence the distribution of economic activity.
Energy and resource demand: Understanding how energy and resource demand is determined by economic and other factors, such as population growth, income levels, technological advancements, and environmental policies.
Resource depletion and scarcity: Analyzing how depletion and scarcity of natural resources, such as renewable and non-renewable resources, affect the economy and the environment.
Energy economics: Studying the economic aspects of the energy sector, including production, transportation, distribution, consumption, and policies related to energy security, efficiency, and sustainability.
Environmental economics: Examining the ecological and environmental impacts of energy production and consumption, with a focus on pollution, carbon emissions, climate change, and ecological degradation.
Sustainable development: Reviewing the concept of sustainable development as a means of balancing economic growth with environmental protection and social well-being.
Natural resource management: Analyzing how natural resources are managed, allocated, and regulated, with a focus on property rights, market mechanisms, and public policies.
Technology innovation: Exploring the role of technological innovation in improving energy efficiency, reducing pollution, and enhancing sustainability.
Market structures: Studying different market structures, including perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly, and monopolistic competition, and their impact on energy and resource markets.
Political economy: Examining the political and institutional factors that shape energy and resource policies, with a focus on the role of governments, interest groups, and international organizations.
Economic geography: Analyzing the spatial distribution of economic activities related to the production and consumption of energy and natural resources, including trade, migration, and regional development.
Renewable energy sources: Understanding the economic aspects of renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy, including their competitiveness, cost-effectiveness, and environmental benefits.
Fossil fuels: Analyzing the economic aspects of fossil fuel sources, including oil, gas, and coal, their production, consumption, and pricing, and the implications for the global economy.
Energy and resource security: Examining the economic and political dimensions of energy and resource security, including issues related to supply disruptions, geopolitical risks, and national security.
International trade: Studying the economic aspects of energy and resource trade, including the role of international trade agreements, tariffs, and barriers, and their impact on global energy and resource markets.
Climate policy: Analyzing the economic aspects of climate policy, including carbon pricing, emissions trading, and other mechanisms aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change.
Energy Economics: A field of economics that deals with the production, sale, and consumption of energy, including fossil fuels, renewable energy, and nuclear power.
Environmental Economics: A subfield of economics that deals with the economic impacts of environmental policies, such as climate change, air and water pollution, and biodiversity conservation.
Natural Resource Economics: A branch of economics that focuses on the management and exploitation of natural resources, including oil, gas, minerals, forests, fisheries, and wildlife.
Ecological Economics: An interdisciplinary field that combines ecology, economics, and systems theory to study the interactions between human societies and natural ecosystems.
Agricultural Economics: A branch of economics that deals with the production, marketing, and distribution of agricultural products, as well as the management of agricultural resources, such as land, water, and soil.
Forest Economics: A subfield of natural resource economics that specifically focuses on the management and utilization of forest resources, including timber products, non-timber forest products, and ecosystem services.
Water Resources Economics: A branch of economics that deals with the allocation, distribution, and management of water resources for irrigation, drinking, hydropower, and ecosystem services.
Mineral Economics: A subfield of natural resource economics that specifically focuses on the management and trade of mineral resources, including metals, non-metals, and industrial minerals.
Fisheries Economics: A specialized branch of natural resource economics that deals with the management and exploitation of fish and other aquatic resources, including wild and farmed fish, shellfish, and marine mammals.
Energy Geography: A subfield of economic geography that studies the spatial patterns and dynamics of energy production, distribution, and consumption, as well as the social, economic, and environmental impacts of energy systems.
"Considering the cost of energy services and associated value gives economic meaning to the efficiency at which energy can be produced."
"Energy services can be defined as functions that generate and provide energy to the desired end services or states."
"The efficiency of energy services is dependent on the engineered technology used to produce and supply energy."
"The goal is to minimize energy input required to produce the energy service, such as lighting, heating, and fuel."
"The main sectors considered in energy economics are transportation and building."
"Energy economics is relevant to a broad scale of human activities, including households and businesses at a microeconomic level and resource management and environmental impacts at a macroeconomic level."
"Energy services can be defined as functions that generate and provide energy to the desired end services or states."
"The efficiency of energy services is dependent on the engineered technology used to produce and supply energy."
"The goal is to minimize energy input required, e.g., kWh, mJ, see Units of Energy."
"The main sectors considered in energy economics are transportation and building, although it is relevant to a broad scale of human activities, including households and businesses."
"Energy economics is relevant to macroeconomic level resource management and environmental impacts."
"Considering the cost of energy services and associated value gives economic meaning to the efficiency at which energy can be produced."
"Energy economics is a broad scientific subject area which includes topics related to supply and use of energy in societies."
"The efficiency of energy services is dependent on the engineered technology used to produce and supply energy."
"It is relevant to households at a microeconomic level."
"It is relevant to businesses at a microeconomic level."
"The main sectors considered in energy economics are transportation and building."
"The goal is to minimize energy input required to produce the energy service."
"The energy service, such as lighting (lumens), heating (temperature), and fuel (natural gas)."