Interventions by governments or other organizations aimed to influencing population size, distribution, or characteristics.
Demographics: The study of the characteristics of a population, including age, gender, ethnicity, education, and income.
Fertility: The ability of a population to reproduce and maintain numbers.
Mortality: The number of deaths in a population.
Migration: The movement of individuals or groups from one location to another.
Health: The physical and mental well-being of individuals in a population.
Economics: The study of how resources are allocated in a population, including the distribution of income, production, and consumption.
Policy: The laws and regulations governing how a population is managed, including policies related to immigration, healthcare, education, and family planning.
Ethics: The principles that underlie the development of population policies, including questions of who has the right to reproduce, how resources should be distributed, and the role of government.
Environments: The physical, social and cultural influences on a population, including climate, technology, and family structures.
Demographic transition: The process by which a population shifts from high fertility and mortality rates to low fertility and mortality rates.
Population growth (or decline): The rate at which a population is increasing or decreasing over time.
Family planning: The methods used to control the number of children a family has.
Aging: The demographic process by which the average age of a population increases over time.
Urbanization: The migration of people from rural areas to urban areas, often associated with growing population and economic development.
Gender equality: The level of equal rights and opportunities for men and women in a population.
Education: The level of literacy and access to formal education in a population.
Poverty: The level of income and wealth inequality in a population.
Social welfare: The policies and programs created to support the well-being of individuals and families within a population.
Healthcare: The level of access to and quality of healthcare services in a population.
Government intervention: The role of government in managing and regulating population policies.
Anti-natalist policies: These policies aim to decrease the birth rates and fertility rates in a population.
Pro-natalist policies: These policies aim to increase the birth rates and fertility rates in a population.
Immigration policies: These policies aim to control the number and type of immigrants entering a country.
Emigration policies: These policies aim to manage the outflow of people from a particular country.
Sterilization policies: These policies aim to reduce future fertility rates by sterilizing individuals.
Family planning policies: These policies aim to educate individuals about birth control methods and encourage them to use contraception.
One-child policy: This policy restricts each couple to have only one child in countries with high population growth rates.
Two-child policy: This policy restricts each couple to have only two children in countries with high population growth rates.
Migration policies: These policies aim to regulate the movement of people within a country.
Abortion policies: These policies regulate the legality and accessibility of abortion services.