"Colonialism is a practice by which a country controls people or areas, often by establishing colonies, generally for strategic and economic advancement."
The act of one country taking control of another country, territory or region, typically for economic gain.
Colonialism: The practice of establishing political and economic control over a foreign territory.
Imperialism: The policy of a country extending its power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means.
European Colonization: The colonization of America, Africa, and Asia by European powers, beginning in the 15th century.
Indigenous peoples: The native population of a region, often displaced or marginalized by colonization.
Slave trade: The forced transportation of Africans to the Americas and other colonies as slaves.
Mercantilism: The economic policy of European colonizers, focusing on exporting more than importing, and accumulating wealth and resources.
Plantation agriculture: A system of agriculture used in many colonies, where large monocultures were grown for export.
Decolonization: The process of ending colonial rule, often involving political upheaval and social change.
Neocolonialism: A form of imperialism where economic and political control is exerted by powerful states and corporations.
Cultural hybridity: The mixing of cultures resulting from colonization, often leading to new forms of art, music, and literature.
Post-colonial theory: The study of cultural and social effects of colonization, and the ongoing legacies of colonialism.
Land dispossession: The taking of land from native peoples by colonizing powers, often leading to loss of identity, culture, and language.
Cultural appropriation: The act of adopting and often exploiting aspects of a culture that is not one's own.
Globalization: A contemporary form of expanding economic, political, and cultural influence manifesting often naturally with trade, communication, and travel.
Environmental impact: The effect of colonization on natural systems, often involving deforestation, water pollution, and other forms of environmental damage.
Neocolonialism: An economic and political dominance of one country over another without direct territorial control.
Settlement Colonization: A process where immigrants settle in a new country and establish control over the indigenous population.
Exploration Colonization: A type of colonization where a country sends explorers or adventurers to a new territory to claim land and resources.
Religious Colonization: A type of colonization that involves spreading a particular religion and culture to a new territory.
Plantation Colonization: Involves introducing a cash crop that is cultivated for export in a new territory, accompanied by the settlement of workers to establish the land and produce.
Military Colonization: A process where a powerful country takes direct control of a weaker country through military force.
Political Colonization: A process of establishing political control over a weaker country through force or coercion.
Economic Colonization: An economic system of exploitation that involves the extraction and export of valuable resources from a weaker country to a more powerful one.
Trade Colonization: The use of trade as a means of taking control over a weaker country's economy.
Globalization Colonization: Colonization through the spread of global capitalism, systems of communication, and the dominance of Western culture.
"Colonialism is etymologically rooted in the Latin word 'Colonus', which was used to describe tenant farmers in the Roman Empire."
"Colonialism has existed since ancient times."
"The concept is most strongly associated with the European and Japanese empires."
"Starting in the 15th century and extending to the mid-1900s."
"At first, conquest followed policies of mercantilism, aiming to strengthen the home-country economy."
"Agreements usually restricted the colony to trading only with the metropole (mother country)."
"By the mid-19th century."
"Missionaries were active in practically all of the European-controlled colonies because the metropoles were Christian."
"Historian Philip Hoffman calculated that by 1800, before the Industrial Revolution, Europeans already controlled at least 35% of the globe."
"By 1914, they had gained control of 84% of the globe."
"Colonial powers retreated between 1945 and 1975; over which time nearly all colonies gained independence, entering into changed colonial, so-called postcolonial and neocolonialist relations."
"The coloni sharecroppers started as tenants of landlords, but the system evolved so they were permanently indebted to the landowner and were trapped in servitude."
"The system evolved so they were permanently indebted to the landowner and were trapped in servitude."
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