"Gender identity is the personal sense of one's own gender."
The personal sense of one's own gender, which can be different from the gender assigned at birth.
Gender vs Sex: Understanding the distinction between gender, which is a social construct, and sex, which is biological, is fundamental in comprehending gender identity.
Feminism: An ideology that advocates for equal socio-economic and political rights of women.
Masculinity: A set of roles, characteristics, and behaviors culturally assigned to men.
Intersectionality: The interconnectedness and overlapping of multiple identities, such as race, sexual orientation, and ethnicity, influencing an individual's experience of gender.
Transgender: A person who identifies with a gender other than their assigned sex at birth.
Gender dysphoria: The discomfort or distress that results from a discrepancy between an individual's gender identity and their assigned sex.
Gender expression: The way individuals outwardly display their gender identity through clothing, mannerisms, and language.
Gender roles: The social expectations, rituals, and norms associated with a specific gender identity.
Non-binary: An identity that describes individuals who do not identify with binary categories of male or female.
Queer theory: An approach to gender and sexuality study that challenges traditional understandings of these concepts.
Transphobia: Prejudice and discrimination against transgender people.
Homophobia: Prejudice and discrimination against individuals who identify as gay, lesbian, bisexual, or queer.
Sexism: Prejudice and discrimination against individuals based on their gender.
Patriarchy: A societal system in which men hold power and dominance over women.
Gender-based violence: Any act of violence that is motivated by an individual's perceived gender identity.
Gender and sexuality in the workplace: The impact of gender and sexuality on employment opportunities, salaries, and promotions.
LGBTQ+ rights: Political and legal movements aimed at achieving legal rights and protections for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer individuals.
Gender and health: The ways in which gender identity can impact an individual's physical and mental health.
Gender and education: The role of gender in shaping educational systems and experiences.
Intersex: An individual born with sex characteristics that do not fit typical binary definitions of male or female.
Male: Typically associated with a biological male sex assigned at birth, identifies as a man.
Female: Typically associated with a biological female sex assigned at birth, identifies as a woman.
Non-Binary: Individuals who identify as neither male nor female, or as a combination of both, or as a third gender.
Genderqueer: Individuals who identify as outside of, or in between, the traditional binary gender system.
Transgender: Individuals who identify with a gender that is different from the sex they were assigned at birth.
Two-Spirit: A term used by some Indigenous groups to describe individuals who possess both feminine and masculine spirits.
Bigender: Individuals who identify as two genders at the same time.
Agender: Individuals who do not identify as having any gender.
Pangender: Individuals who identify with all genders.
"Gender identity can correlate with a person's assigned sex or can differ from it."
"While a person may express behaviors, attitudes, and appearances consistent with a particular gender role, such expression may not necessarily reflect their gender identity."
"The term gender identity was coined by psychiatry professor Robert J. Stoller in 1964."
"The gender binary refers to a basic division between gender attributes assigned to males and females in most societies."
"Some of those people may call themselves transgender, gender non-binary, genderqueer, gender expansive, or something else."
"Some societies have third gender categories."
"Gender identity develops surprisingly rapidly in the early childhood years, and in the majority of instances appears to become at least partially irreversible by the age of 3 or 4."
"Considerable scientific evidence has emerged demonstrating a durable biological element underlying gender identity."
"There do not seem to be external forces that genuinely cause individuals to change gender identity."
"Essentialists argue that gender identity is determined at birth by biological and genetic factors."
"Social constructivists argue that gender identity and the way it is expressed are socially constructed, instead determined by cultural and social influences."
"The term gender identity was...popularized by the controversial psychologist John Money."
"The gender binary includes expectations of masculinity and femininity in all aspects of sex and gender: biological sex, gender identity, gender expression, and sexual orientation."
"In most individuals, the various biological determinants of sex are congruent, and consistent with the individual's gender identity."
"With exceptions, 'Gender identity develops surprisingly rapidly in the early childhood years.'"
"Individuals may make choices due to other factors in their lives, but there do not seem to be external forces that genuinely cause individuals to change gender identity."
"Gender identity and the way it is expressed are socially constructed, instead determined by cultural and social influences."
"Individuals may make choices due to other factors in their lives."
"Gender identity...appears to become at least partially irreversible by the age of 3 or 4."